人本视角下建成环境审计综述——基于审计工具和方法的比较研究  

A Review of Built Environment Auditing from a Human Perspective:A Comparative Study Based on AuditingToolsand Methods

作　　者：朱萌[1] 汲潘婷 陶鲁阳 李丹[1] 张云彬[1] ZHU Meng;JI Panting;TAO Luyang;LI Dan;ZHANG Yunbin

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2024年第8期1-13,共13页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32371936);基于眼-脑生理指标的城市园林植物群落视疲劳干预效应研究;安徽省住房城乡建设科学技术计划项目(2023-YF034);基于更新实施全流程的城市体检评估关键技术。

摘　　要：建成环境审计作为一种以问题为导向的环境数据收集与评价方法,在西方国家微观尺度城市环境监测中已得到广泛应用,开发了诸多成熟的审计工具。在国内高质量发展背景下,建成环境审计已展现出作为精细化治理工具的重要潜力。介绍了建成环境审计的核心构建过程及适用场景,系统归纳三类建成环境审计工具并作比较分析,评估了当前建成环境审计的模式及方法以及主要审计方法的优缺点。针对审计结果的有效性问题,从指标体系构建、方法选择及单元划分等三个方面展开讨论,旨在为国内开展审计工作提供经验和建议。此外,为促进城市建设改造的可持续发展,还强调了建成环境审计在城市更新与基础设施建设项目绩效研究中的应用前景,不仅为国内城市规划和管理提供了新视角和工具,对于推动城市高质量发展也具有重要的理论和实践价值。Built environment auditing,a problem-oriented approach for environmental data collection and evaluation,has garnered extensive utilization in micro-scale urban environmental monitoring in Western countries.So far,numerous mature audit tools have been developed.With the progressive implementation of China's high-quality development strategy,refined and scientific urban spatial environmental governance requirements are increasingly prominent.Built environment auditing has shown significant potential as a refined governance tool.Despite some preliminary exploration of built environment auditing by Chinese scholars,it still lacks a systematic organization on relevant issues.The article elucidates the core construction process and four applicable scenarios of built environment auditing.It assesses and evaluates environmental facilities related to resident health,community resources and environmental allocation,environmental improvement programs,and urban space environmental quality.Three types of built environment auditing tools are systematically introduced and outlined:(1)environment auditing tools for walkability and rideability,(2)environment auditing tools focused on friendliness for children's activities,and(3)community health-oriented environment auditing tools.A comparative analysis of these three types of environment audit tools was conducted from the perspective of data source and auditing contents.Additionally,a tabular compilation of built environmental audit tools developed over the past two decades is provided.The built environment auditing methods are divided into three types according to auditing modes:field auditing,virtual auditing,and hybrid auditing(integrating both field auditing and virtual auditing).These audit methods are further divided into seven subcategories according to acquisition modes of auditing indicator data.Next,a comparative assessment of these seven subcategories was conducted in terms of indicator data type as well as their advantages and disadvantages.Specifically,field auditing

关 键 词：建成环境审计 审计工具 人本尺度 城市更新 

分 类 号：TU-023[建筑科学—建筑理论]