中小学校“空间-健康”影响机制与实证研究  

The Influence Mechanism of"Space-Health"in Primary and Secondary Schools and Empirical Studies

作　　者：甘月朗 刘剀[3] GAN Yuelang;LIU Kai

机构地区：[1]深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]深圳市宝安区航城街道办事处城市建设办公室 [3]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2024年第8期31-40,共10页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(5230081385):中小学校园空间的体能促进价值评估研究;国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078226);基于健康促进的高密度中小学校园整体优化设计策略研究。

摘　　要：围绕中小学校“空间-健康”影响机制的理论框架和研究假设,通过结构方程模型方法进行数据实证研究,通过环境质量实测、空间行为观察进行案例实证考察,进而揭示“空间-健康”之间的影响路径、主导因子与效应强度。将健康的抽象概念与空间的具体因子联系起来,证实了物理环境、空间形态、配套设施、空间行为四类要素与健康之间存在的直接或间接关联,明确了各要素、各因子对于健康的影响效应水平。concept of health and specific factor of space,this study proves that physical environment,spatial form,supporting facilities,and spatial behaviors have direct and indirect correlations with health,and determines the extent of different elements and factors on health.This study concludes that there are direct and indirect interactions between space and health.First,natural,physical,chemical,biological,facility,and other material factors in space can damage or promote physical and mental health as pathogenic and psychological stimuli.Second,as a special medium,space interacts with these material factors,as well as non-material factors(e.g.,economy,culture,and behavior),due to its functional structure and construction methods.It endangers or promotes health indirectly,because few school spatial factors have negative effects on health,particularly in primary and secondary schools.Physical environmental factors show low-degree effects,and most factors generate positive effects.The directional influences of spatial behavioral factors on health exceed those of other factors,showing high-degree effects.The standardized total path coefficient of spatial behavior on health status exceeded that of the physical environment.The indirect path coefficients of spatial form and supporting facilities with health status exceed that of the direct effect.The research results demonstrate the feasibility of cultivating and guiding healthy behaviors through spatial optimization to promote health improvement successfully.Future studies can shift attention from passive disease prevention to active health interventions and obtain health benefits based on the positive effects of spatial environment.Based on the distribution characteristics and mutual influence relationships of health-influencing factors,this study found that the construction of a healthy campus should follow three principles:full-cycle control,multi-path coordinated allocation,and priority promotion of key points.To attain health benefits,it should optimize the material en

关 键 词：中小学校 健康校园 健康促进 空间环境 影响机制 

分 类 号：TU-022[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU-023TU-024TU244.2