数字货币强制执行的问题与化解  

Problems and Solutions of Digital Currency Enforcement

作　　者：石晓波[1] 高松琼 Shi Xiaobo;Gao Songqiong

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2024年第9期88-96,共9页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“数字人民币纠纷的诉讼机制研究”(2722023AK002);中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项中研究生科研创新平台项目“不予追加配偶为被执行人研究”(202410622)。

摘　　要：我国法院迈向切实解决执行难的进程也是执行制度迈向适配数字金融治理的进程,强制执行的法定性、非抗辩性、要求协助性及惩防措施的准确性,与制度和技术之中的数字货币之隔阂是对数字货币强制执行的问题所在。作为金融创新的产物,私人数字货币为特定的虚拟财产,实体法应当明确,法院应依履行基础有无分别判决交付返还原物和返还财产性权益。此后强制执行中的执行标的是非金钱债权,为解决判决返还原物后的执行难,法院应建立与数字货币平台的联动执行机制。作为金融普惠的产物,央行数字货币是特殊种类物,此后强制执行中的执行标的是金钱债权,央行数字货币的执行查控和执行惩防机制应当得到完善。法院在对两类数字货币的强制执行中都应实现强制性和灵活性相结合、微观面向和宏观面向相统一。The process of Chinese courts to effectively solve the enforcement difficulties is also the process of the enforcement system to adapt to the digital economy.The legal nature of enforcement,the requirement of assistance,the non-defense and the accuracy of sanctions and the digital currency gap in the system and technology are the problems during the enforcement of digital currency.As the product of financial innovation,the private digital currency is a specific virtual property,and the substantive law should be clear,the court should deliver the return of the original or return the property rights and interests according to the performance basis.Since then,the subject of civil enforcement is non-pecuniary claims,in order to solve the difficulty of enforcement after the judgment returned the original,the court should establish a linkage enforcement mechanism with the digital currency platform.As a product of financial inclusion,the central bank's digital currency is a special object,the subject of enforcement in the subsequent enforcement is money claims,and the enforcement control and enforcement punishment mechanism of the central bank’s digital currency should be improved.During the enforcement of the two types of digital currencies,the court should realize the combination of coercion and flexibility,unify the micro and macro aspects.

关 键 词：私人数字货币 央行数字货币 依法执行 执行外观 协助执行 

分 类 号：D9[政治法律—法学]