日本农业收入保险补贴的WTO合规性研究  

The Study on WTO Compliance with Japan's Agricultural Income Insurance Subsidies

作　　者：何小伟[1] 熊东相 李毅[2] HE Xiao-wei;XIONG Dong-xiang;LI Yi

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学保险学院 [2]湖北经济学院金融学院

出　　处：《农村金融研究》2024年第7期43-53,共11页Rural Finance Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“费率市场化、监管约束与保险公司的风险承担研究”(编号:21YJA790020);上海太安农险研究院2023年度课题“WTO规则下各国农业保险补贴通报研究”的研究成果。

摘　　要：日本是继美国之后第二个在全国范围内推行农业收入保险的国家,在国际上广受关注。论文立足于WTO关于农业收入保险的约束规则,分析了日本农业收入保险的设立背景、发展历程和运作机制,对比了日本农业收入保险条款与WTO约束规则的差异,并探讨了日本农业收入保险的WTO通报策略。论文的主要结论包括:第一,日本农业收入保险在实施之后,并没有改变日本农业共济保险的主导地位;第二,日本农业收入保险政策具有一定的创新性,但并不完全符合WTO的“绿箱”范畴;第三,尽管日本在WTO通报中对其农业收入保险按照“黄箱-非特定产品支持”进行了通报,但是仍存在一定的不透明性。最后,论文探讨了日本农业收入保险对我国的三点启示:一是应妥善处理完全成本保险与农业收入保险的优先发展次序;二是应关注特定农产品收入保险与综合性农业收入保险的合规风险差异;三是在对农业收入保险补贴进行通报时可提供总量而非分项数据,保留一定的模糊空间。Japan is the second country after the United States to implement agricultural income ins-urance nationwide and has received widespread attention internationally.Based on the WTO's co-nstraint rules on agricultural income insurance,this paper analyzes the background,development process,and operating mechanism of Japan's agricultural income insurance,compares the differe-nces between Japan's agricultural income insurance clauses and the WTO's constraint rules,and e-xplores Japan's WTO notification strategy for agricultural income insurance.The main conclusio-ns include:firstly,after the implementation of Japan's agricultural income insurance,it has not ch-anged the dominant position of Japan's agricultural mutual aid insurance;Secondly,Japan's agric-ultural income insurance policy has a certain degree of innovation,but it does not fully comply w-ith the"green box"category of the WTO;Thirdly,although Japan has reported its agricultural inc-ome insurance as"Amber Box:Non-specific Product Support"in its WTO notification,there is st-ill a certain degree of opacity.Finally,this paper explores three inspirations for China from Japan's agricultural income insurance:firstly,the priority development order of full cost insurance and agricultural income insurance should be properly handled;Secondly,attention should be paid to the differences in compliance risks between specific agricultural product income insurance and comprehensive agricultural income insurance;Thirdly,when reporting agricultural income insurance subsidies,the total amount should be provided instead of individual data,thereby retaining a certain degree of ambiguity.

关 键 词：日本 农业收入保险 农业保险补贴 农业国内支持 WTO合规性 

分 类 号：F841[经济管理—保险]