原发性鼻窦黏膜黑色素瘤研究进展  

Research progress of primary sinonasal mucosal melanoma

作　　者：周雪筠 刘穹 王小路 袁虎 ZHOU Xuejun;LIU Qiong;WANG Xiaolu;YUAN Hu(Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,the First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院第一医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100853

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉颅底外科杂志》2024年第4期44-50,共7页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-skull Base Surgery

摘　　要：原发性鼻窦黏膜黑色素瘤(SNMM)是一种侵袭性恶性肿瘤,具有转移性高、预后不良等特点。SNMM出现的症状是非特异性的,鼻腔是最常见的起源部位。SNMM在组织病理学上具有多样性,基因表达谱分析已经识别了许多常见的基因突变,这些突变可能为新兴的生物治疗提供潜在的靶点。另外了解AJCC手册提供的TNM分期对临床有重要意义,在手术基础上结合多模式治疗可能使患者获益。SNMM患者常在就诊时已达晚期,因此本文将SNMM近年发病情况、组织病理学特点、特有分子标记物、临床分期及临床治疗方案与预后的最新信息进行总结。Primary sinonasal mucosal melanoma(SNMM)is an aggressive malignant tumor with high metastasis and poor prognosis.The symptoms of SNMM are non-specific,with the nasal cavity being the most common site of origin.SNMM is diverse in histopathology.The profiling of SNMM gene expression has identified a number of common genetic mutations.These mutations may provide potential targets for emerging biologic therapies.In addition,understanding the staging of TNM is of great clinical significance.The combination of multimodal therapy on the basis of surgery may benefit patients.Patients with SNMM are often in advanced stages at the time of presentation.In this paper,we summarized the latest information of SNMM in recent years,including its pathogenesis,histopathological features,specific molecular markers,clinical stage,clinical treatment plan and prognosis.

关 键 词：鼻窦黏膜黑色素瘤 恶性黑色素瘤 鼻旁窦 

分 类 号：R765.4[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]