河北省某海洋牧场沉积物重金属生态风险评价  

Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of a marine ranch in Hebei Province

作　　者：吴成映 宋莹莹 尹钰文[1,2,3] 车鉴 魏海峰 WU Cheng-ying;SONG Ying-ying;YIN Yu-wen;CHE Jian;WEI Hai-feng(School of Marine Science and Environment Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environment Science and Technology,Liaoning Province,Dalian 116023,China;Liaoning Offshore Ecological Environment and Disaster Protection Engineering Technology Innovation Center,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]辽宁省近岸海洋环境科学与技术重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [3]大连海洋大学辽宁省近海生态环境与灾害防护工程技术创新中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《环境生态学》2024年第8期69-74,共6页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“海洋环境安全保障”重点专项(2019YFC1407700);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305002);辽宁省教育厅服务地方项目(DL201804)资助。

摘　　要：本研究通过2022年3月份河北省某海域沉积物中汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、铜(Cu)、砷(As)、锌(Zn)的监测数据,采用5种生态风险评估方法对该海域进行生态风险评估,其中包括单因子指数法、内梅罗综合指数法、沉积物质量基准法、潜在危害生态指数法以及主成分分析法对近岸海域沉积物环境进行了复合污染风险评价。结果显示,该海域的表层沉积物中,重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As表层平均含量分别为20.3、17.9、63.3、0.135、0.036和9.82 mg/kg。在这些重金属的表层中,Zn的含量最高,Cu和Pb的含量相对较高,而Cd、Hg和As的含量相对较低。各重金属的单因子污染指数与内梅罗综合指数均小于1,需要注意的是,不同方法在评价沉积物风险时存在差异,这可能是由于不同方法所考虑的因素不同所致。因此,在沉积物风险评价中,需要综合考虑多种因素。通过采用多种评价方法对海域进行生态风险评估,结果表明海底表层沉积物整体质量较好,重金属污染程度低,潜在生态风险程度低。This study uses monitoring data of mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),copper(Cu),arsenic(As),and zinc(Zn)in the sediment of a certain sea area in Hebei Province in March 2022.Five ecological risk assessment methods are used to assess the ecological risk of the sea area,including single factor index method,Nimero comprehensive index method,sediment quality benchmark method,the potential hazard ecological index method and principal component analysis method were used to evaluate the composite pollution risk of nearshore sediment environment.The results showed that the average surface sediment concentrations of heavy metals Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Hg and As in the sea area were 20.3 mg/kg,17.9 mg/kg,63.3 mg/kg,0.135 mg/kg,0.036 mg/kg and 9.82 mg/kg,respectively.In the surface layer of these heavy metals,the content of Zn is the highest,the content of Cu and Pb is relatively high,and the content of Cd,Hg and As is relatively low.The single factor pollution index and Nimero comprehensive index of each heavy metal are both less than 1.It should be noted that different methods have differences in evaluating sediment risk,which may be due to different factors considered by different methods.Therefore,in sediment risk assessment,multiple factors need to be comprehensively considered.The ecological risk assessment of the sea area was conducted using multiple evaluation methods,and the results showed that the overall quality of the seabed surface sediment was good,the degree of heavy metal pollution was low,and the potential ecological risk was low.

关 键 词：沉积物 重金属 生态危害风险评价 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X826