拉萨乡村民居围护结构热工性能优化研究  

Optimization of Thermal Performance of Enclosure Structure of Rural Residential Houses in Lhasa

作　　者：王禹晗 张晓静 张广凯 陈光[2] 谢静超[1,2] WANG Yuhan;ZHANG Xiaojing;ZHANG Guangkai;CHEN Guang;XIE Jingchao(Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology,Civil and Transportation Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Faculty of Architecture,Civil and Transportation Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学绿色建筑环境与节能技术北京市重点实验室,北京100124 [2]北京工业大学城市建设学部,北京100124

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2024年第7期29-36,共8页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划资助项目“太阳能富集区零碳建筑复合围护结构体系研发”(2022YFC3802702)。

摘　　要：拉萨地区位于青藏高原太阳能富集区,冬季寒冷漫长、太阳辐射强烈且朝向差异大,当地乡村居住建筑冬季室内热环境差、能耗水平高。为提升该类建筑的室内热环境并兼顾节能环保,基于拉萨乡村民居现状建立典型建筑模型,选取各朝向围护结构的传热系数和热惰性指标共10项热工参数作为研究因素,采用不舒适度日数UCDD12和采暖期逐时累积热负荷作为热环境和节能效果的评价指标。设计正交试验并通过TRNSYS进行仿真模拟,研究了各热工参数对评价指标的影响规律、显著性程度和主次排序。结果表明,对UCDD12存在显著影响的热工参数有6项,由高到低排序为屋顶、北向、东/西向、南向传热系数及南向、东/西向热惰性指标;对累积热负荷存在显著影响的热工参数有7项,依次为屋顶、东/西向、北向、南向传热系数及南向、内墙、东/西向热惰性指标。进一步综合两项评价指标,使用TOPSIS法确定了各项热工参数的最佳组合方案。为改善拉萨乡村民居室内热环境、提升节能性能提供技术支持。The Lhasa area is located in the solar energy-rich region of the Tibetan Plateau,with long and cold winters,strong solar radiation and large differences in orientation,and the local rural residential buildings have poor indoor thermal environments and high levels of energy consumption in winter.In order to improve the indoor thermal environment while considering energy conservation and environmental protection,this study establishes a typical building model based on the common rural residential buildings in Lhasa.Ten thermal parameters were selected as influencing factors,including heat transfer coefficient and thermal inertia index of each orientation of the envelope.Uncomfortable degree day based on 12℃(UCDD12)was adopted as an index of thermal environment and heating load as an index of energy consumption.Orthogonal tests were designed and simulated by TRNSYS to study the influence of each thermal parameter on the evaluation indexes,and statistical analysis were performed to test statistical significance and rank the impact order.The results show that there are six thermal parameters that have a significant effect on the UCDD12,which are,in order based on the degree of significance,the roof,the north direction,the east/west direction,the south direction heat transfer coefficients,and the south direction,and the east/west direction thermal inertia indexes.There are seven thermal parameters that have a significant effect on the accumulated heat load,which are roof,east/west,north,south heat transfer coefficients and thermal inertness indicators for south,interior walls,and east/west,ranked based on the degree of significance.The two evaluation indexes were further integrated and the optimal combination of each thermal parameter was determined using TOPSIS method.The present findings could provide technical support for improving the indoor thermal environment and energy-saving performance of rural residential houses in Lhasa.

关 键 词：拉萨乡村民居 围护结构 热工参数 UCDD12 累积热负荷 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]