夏热冬冷地区空调冷热源配置的多目标优化  

Multi-objective Optimization of Air Conditioning Cold and Heat Source in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone

作　　者：朱晓玥 杨玲[1] 熊帝战 范钟引 刘希臣[1] ZHU Xiaoyue;YANG Ling;XIONG Dizhan;FAN Zhongyin;LIU Xichen(China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute,Chengdu 610042,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司,成都610042

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2024年第7期87-94,共8页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：中国建筑股份有限公司科技研发课题:既有公共建筑零碳改造关键技术研究与工程示范(CSCEC-2023-Z-04)。

摘　　要：为实现“双碳”背景下清零建筑直接碳排放的目标,夏热冬冷地区建筑空调冷热源越来越多地采用空气源热泵加水冷式冷水机组的复合架构。其中,空气源热泵冬季供热,夏季与水冷式机组共同供冷。由于空气源热泵供冷能效较低,提高水冷式机组容量配置,尽可能使之分担更多的冷负荷,有利于降低系统供冷能耗,但系统投资也将随之上升。因此,有必要研究复合架构下空调冷热源配置的综合优化方法。利用层次分析法,计算空调冷热源系统的节能性、环保性、经济性、节材性等不同目标维度的权重,建立空调冷热源的综合优化目标函数。设计空调冷热源配置的优化流程,并以上海某办公建筑为例进行分析。结果表明,随着水冷机组容量的增加,空调冷热源系统的全年能耗降低,耗材生产能耗、折算年费上升,而碳排放呈先降后升的规律。多目标优化方法可以更好地实现各项指标之间的平衡,为相关研究及实际项目决策提供参考。In the context of“Dual-Carbon Goals”(realizing carbon peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060)in China,buildings are required to eliminate direct carbon emissions.Therefore,the composite framework of Air Source Heat Pump(ASHP)and water-cooled chiller is increasingly adopted in hot summer and cold winter regions.ASHP provides heating in winter and cools with the water-cooled chiller in summer.Since the cooling efficiency of ASHP is lower than that of the water-cooled chiller,increasing the capacity of the latter contributes to reducing the cooling energy consumption.Meanwhile,the investment increases accordingly.The comprehensive optimization method of air conditioning heating and cooling source configuration is in necessity.The analytic hierarchy process is applied to derive weights of multidimensional evaluating indicators,and the objective function is established.The optimization process and the mathematical models are proposed.An office building in Shanghai is analyzed as an example.Results show that as the capacity of water-cooled chiller increases,the annual energy consumption decreases,the consumables production and the equivalent annual cost increase,while the carbon emission follows a non-monotonic pattern.Thus,multi-objective optimization can balance the overall performance and the cost of air conditioning system,which provides reference for relevant research and actual project decision-making.

关 键 词：多目标优化 层次分析法 空气源热泵 水冷式冷水机组 夏热冬冷地区 

分 类 号：TU83[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]