单组分和三组分电解液添加剂对电池型电容器性能的影响  

Effects of single and three component electrolyte additives on the electrochemical performances of battery-type capacitor

作　　者：梁鹏程 夏恒恒 杨重阳 LIANG Pengcheng;XIA Hengheng;YANG Chongyang(National Engineering Research Center for Supercapacitor for Vechicles,Shanghai AOWEI Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]上海奥威科技开发有限公司国家车用超级电容器系统工程技术研究中心,上海201203

出　　处：《电子元件与材料》2024年第7期787-795,共9页Electronic Components And Materials

摘　　要：电解液添加剂作为电解液中的重要组成部分,能够以较低的含量实现较大程度的性能改善。针对常见的碳酸亚乙烯酯(VC)、硫酸乙烯酯(DTD)、1,3-丙烷磺酸内酯(PS)电解液添加剂,系统研究了单组分添加剂和三元添加剂对锂离子电池型电容器的性能影响。结果表明,VC在60 A(7.5C)电流下循环3000次后容量保持率达到92.08%。DTD在低温-40℃下放电能量保持率为63.29%,较PS单组分添加剂提高了4.39%。PS单组分添加剂的自放电率较大,为2.648 mV·h^(-1),在高温下还会发生副反应产气。对于不同含量混合的三元添加剂,VC和DTD的搭配使用能够有效提高电容器的各部分性能,如放电平台、低温性能、高温性能和循环性能。但是添加剂的含量需要进一步把控,通过多种添加剂的协同设计和配合使用,充分发挥优势,以提高锂离子电池型电容器的性能。As an important component of electrolyte,electrolyte additives can significantly improve the performances of capacitors at a low content.This article systematically investigated the effects of single and three component additives on the performance of lithium-ion battery-type capacitors,including vinylene carbonate(VC),1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide(DTD),and 1,3-propanesultone(PS).The results show that capacitors with single VC additive possess a capacity retention of 92.08%after 3000 cycles at the current of 60 A(7.5C).For DTD additive,the discharge capacity retention at-40℃is 63.29%,which is higher than that of single PS additive.PS,a sulfur-containing additive,shows a poor self-discharge rate of 2.648 mV·h^(-1).In addition,PS may has the problem of gas producing by side reactions at high temperature.For three component additives mixture at various formula,the combination of VC and DTD can effectively improve the performances of capacitors,such as discharge voltage plate,discharge capacity at low and high temperature and cycling life.However,the percentage of additives needs to be optimized to achieve expected performances.Therefore,it is necessary to achieve synergic effect between multiple additives to fully leverage the respective advantages and improve the performances of capacitors.

关 键 词：电池型电容器 电解液 添加剂 碳酸亚乙烯酯 硫酸乙烯酯 1 3-丙烷磺酸内酯 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]