2种喹诺酮类抗生素对大型溞的毒性效应的初步研究  

Preliminary study on the toxic effects of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin on Daphnia magna

作　　者：夏屿 戴劭 谢钦铭[1,2] Xia Yu;Dai Shao;Xie Qinming(Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021;Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xiamen 361021)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,厦门361021 [2]农村农业部东海健康养殖重点实验室,厦门361021

出　　处：《中国抗生素杂志》2024年第7期832-840,共9页Chinese Journal of Antibiotics

基　　金：福建省科技重点引导项目(No.2021N0013);福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2013J01136);福建省科技重点项目(No.2006N041);福建省科技星火计划项目(No.2019S0026);福建省科技星火计划项目(No.2021S0039)。

摘　　要：目的通过了解喹诺酮类抗生素对浮游动物存活率及繁殖能力的影响,以期为全面评价这类污染物所带来的生态后果提供数据支撑。方法本文通过急性和慢性毒性试验探究了恩诺沙星和环丙沙星对大型溞(Daphnia magna)的急性毒性效应和生活史特征的影响。结果恩诺沙星和环丙沙星对大型溞的96 h LC_(50)值分别为0.34和75.79 mg/L;安全浓度分别为0.003和0.758 mg/L。随着恩诺沙星、环丙沙星浓度的升高,大型溞的世代平均时间延长,产溞总数、产溞次数、净生殖率和内禀生殖率均呈下降趋势。最高浓度组的恩诺沙星(9.645 mg/L)、环丙沙星(19.84 mg/L)处理组中大型溞的世代平均时间分别为11.34和10.35 d,极显著地长于空白对照组的世代平均时间9.46 d(P<0.01);产溞总数分别为46和91只,仅有对照组的10%和19%;产溞次数由空白对照组的11次分别减少至3次和7次;净生殖率与对照组相比分别下降了89%和81%,种群内禀增长率下降了76%和57%。低浓度的恩诺沙星、环丙沙星也会抑制大型溞种群的繁殖能力。结论对大型溞来说,即使是在安全浓度范围内,长期暴露也会显著抑制大型溞的生存和繁殖能力,并且这种抑制作用随着抗生素浓度与暴露时间的增加而增强。Objective The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of quinolone antibiotics on the survival rate and reproductive ability of zooplankton in order to provide data support for the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological consequences of these pollutants.Methods The acute toxic effects and life history characteristics of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin on Daphnia magna were studied by acute and chronic toxicity tests.Results The LC_(50)96 h values of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin to D.magna were 0.34 and 75.79 mg/L,respectively;the safe concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin to D.magna were 0.003 and 0.758 mg/L,respectively.With the increase in concentration of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin,the average generation time of D.magna prolonged,and the total number of offspring,spawning times of D.magna,net reproductive rate,and innate rate of increase decreased.The average generation time of D.magna in the highest concentration group of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin(9.645 and 19.84 mg/L)was 11.34 and 10.35 d respectively,which was very significantly longer than that in the blank control group(9.67 d).The total number of offspring was 46 and 91,respectively,which was only 10%and 19%of that of the control group;Spawning times of D.magna decreased from 11 times in the blank control group to 3 and 7 times,respectively.Compared with the control group,the net reproductive rate decreased by 89%and 81%,respectively,and the innate rate of increase decreased by 76%and 57%,respectively.The low concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin can also inhibit the population reproduction of D.magna.Conclusion For Daphnia Magna,even in the safe concentration range,long-term exposure significantly inhibited the survival and reproduction of Daphnia Magna,and the inhibitory effect increased with the increase of antibiotic concentration and exposure time.

关 键 词：恩诺沙星 环丙沙星 大型溞 急性毒性 慢性毒性 

分 类 号：R978.3[医药卫生—药品]