农户农地质量保护行为的市场有效性分析——基于农地市场的分析框架  

Market Efficiency Analysis of Farmers’Farmland Quality Conservation Behavior—An Analytical Framework based on the Farmland Market

作　　者：张连华 ZHANG Lianhua

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学经济学院,贵阳550000

出　　处：《世界农业》2024年第9期106-119,共14页World Agriculture

摘　　要：本文基于农户农地质量保护行为的时序边际质量贡献及其相应的交易成本,将农地质量保护行为划分为4种类型,即高边际质量贡献低识别成本型(类型Ⅰ)、高边际质量贡献高识别成本型(类型Ⅱ)、低边际质量贡献低识别成本型(类型Ⅲ)和低边际质量贡献高识别成本型(类型Ⅳ)。采用黄土高原地区771个苹果户调研数据,分析激励农地质量保护行为的农地市场是否有效。结果表明:农地质量保护行为较高的时序边际质量贡献是其市场有效的基础,时序边际质量贡献越高、识别成本越低,农地质量保护性投资越可能被资本化并在交易价格中得到体现,激励农地质量保护行为的市场有效程度越高。具体而言:农地市场在以灌溉设施为代表的类型Ⅰ和以商品有机肥为代表的类型Ⅱ的保护行为中具有有效性,在以土壤流失控制为代表的类型Ⅲ和以人工种草为代表的类型Ⅳ的保护行为中是市场失灵的。为此,政府应针对不同类型的保护行为实施差异化的干预政策,以有效矫正市场失灵;深化农地产权改革,支撑改进农地市场的有效性,形成以农地市场激励为基础、政府规制为调控手段的农地质量保护机制。This paper divides the farmland quality conservation behavior into four types based on the marginal quality contribution in time and the transaction cost of identifying the contribution,high marginal contribution-low recognition cost type(typeⅠ),high marginal contribution-high recognition cost type(typeⅡ),low marginal contribution-low recognition cost type(typeⅢ)and low marginal contribution-high recognition cost type(typeⅣ).Applying the survey data of 771 apple growers on the Loess Plateau to analyze the market efficiency of different Types of farmland quality conservation behaviors.The results show that:the high temporal marginal quality contribution of agricultural land quality protection behavior is the foundation of its market effectiveness,the higher marginal quality contribution in time of farmland quality conservation behaviors and the lower the recognition cost,the more likely farmland quality conservation behaviors is to be capitalized and reflected in the farmland market price,and the more effective the market that encourages the farmland quality conservation behaviors.Specifically,typeⅠrepresented by irrigation facilities and typeⅡrepresented by commercial organic fertilizers conservation behaviors are market efficient,and typeⅢrepresented by soil erosion control behavior and typeⅣrepresented by artificial grass are market failures.Therefore,the government should implement differentiated policy interventions for different types of conservation behaviors,in order to effectively correct the negative impact of market failure on the farmland quality protection;deepening reform of land property right market in accordance,improve the effectiveness of the farmland market,forming a farmland quality protection mechanism based on the incentives of farmland market and government regulation.

关 键 词：市场有效性 保护行为 边际质量贡献 识别成本 农地市场 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]