数据中心用并联水冷散热器流量分配研究  

Flow distribution characteristic of parallel water-cooled heat sink applied in data center

作　　者：李雪强 江涛[2] 张鑫宇 张柱 刘圣春 王雅博[2] 诸凯[2] LI Xueqiang;JIANG Tao;ZHANG Xinyu;ZHANG Zhu;LIU Shengchun;WANG Yabo;ZHU Kai(Academy of Meical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin University,Tianjina 30072,China;Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology of Tianjin,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 3oo134,China;China Machinery China United Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400039,China;Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy,MOE,Tianjin University,Tianjin300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学医学工程与转化医学研究院,天津300072 [2]天津商业大学天津市制冷技术重点实验室,天津300134 [3]中机中联工程有限公司,重庆400039 [4]天津大学先进内燃动力全国重点实验室,天津300350

出　　处：《热科学与技术》2024年第3期225-232,共8页Journal of Thermal Science and Technology

基　　金：天津市教委科研计划资助项目(2021ZD031);天津市自然科学基金资助项目(18JCZDJC97100)。

摘　　要：为了解决数据中心并联水冷散热器的流量分配问题,建立了并联U型槽道水冷散热器的物理模型,研究了流量、支管间距、支管数量等因素下使流量达到均匀分配的最佳(小)孔径比。结果表明:增大孔径比有助于各支路流量达到均匀;当孔径比为3.2时,可以使总流量为1.5~7.5 L/min之间的各支路达到流量均匀分配的效果;重力对数据中心用并联水冷散热器的流量分配没有明显的影响;支管的间距也会对流量均匀分配产生一定的影响,当孔径比为1.2时,支管间距为150.0 mm左右时流量不均匀系数的极差最小,且随着流量的增大,流量分配越不均匀;随着支管数量的增大,使流量达到均匀分配的最佳(小)孔径比亦随之增大,当支管间距为150.0 mm,支管数量为5、10和15个时分别对应的最佳孔径比为3.2、5.0和6.0;最后将最佳孔径比与支管间距拟合成公式以便于工程实际应用。To study the flow distribution characteristic of parallel water-cooled heatsinks applied in data center,the physical model is established.The optimal aperture ratio is discussed under different operating conditions,including volume flow rate,branch pipe spacing,and number of branch pipe.Simulation results show that,the increase of aperture ratio is conducive to the uniformity of flow distribution.The optimal aperture ratio is 3.2 when the total mass flow ranges from 1.5 to 7.5 L/min.Moreover,the branch pipe spacing also have the influence on the flow distribution.The uniformity of flow distribution became worse with the increase of mass flow.In addition,the optimal aperture ratio increases with the increase of number of branch pipes.With a branch pipe spacing of 150.0 mm and 5,10,and 15 branch pipes,the optimal aperture ratios are 3.2,5.0 and 6.0.A formula correlating the optimal aperture ratio with branch pipe spacing for practical engineering application is fitted.

关 键 词：数据中心 水冷散热器 流量分配 孔径比 

分 类 号：TK018[动力工程及工程热物理]