耕作与种植模式耦合对土壤细菌群落结构及其多样性影响  

Effects of Coupling Tillage and Planting Patterns on Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Diversity

作　　者：田琨 杨彩红[1] 崔文强 TIAN Kun;YANG Cai-hong;CUI Wen-qiang(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070;Gansu Hydraulic Research Institute,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省水利科学研究院,兰州730000

出　　处：《玉米科学》2024年第5期78-87,共10页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：甘肃农业大学青年导师基金项目(GAU-QDFC-2021-12);国家自然科学基金项目(41561062);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(18JR3RA176)。

摘　　要：通过4年定位试验,采用16S rRNA的高通量测序技术探讨耕作及种植模式耦合对农田土壤中细菌群落结构及多样性的影响。结果表明,免耕显著提高了土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(AP)以及速效磷(TP)的含量。对有效序列进行OUT聚类后共得到2736个OUTs,经注释划分为40个门、106个纲、230个目、374个科和810个属。在门水平上,变形菌门、拟杆菌门、芽单胞菌以及放线菌门为农田土壤的优势菌门,其总体表现为免耕处理高于传统耕作处理。多样性分析表明,免耕小麦/玉米间作显著降低了土壤细菌丰富度及多样性。相关性分析表明,农田土壤细菌群落结构主要受土壤有机碳、全氮、速效磷以及硝态氮的含量的影响。从土壤细菌群落构成角度考虑,免耕耕作优于传统耕作。Through a 4-year localization experiment,the effects of tillage and planting pattern coupling on bacterial community structure and diversity in farmland soil were investigated using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that no-tillage significantly increased the contents of soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and available phosphorus.A total of 2736 OUTs were obtained by OUT clustering,which were divided into 40 phyla,106 classes,230 orders,374 families and 810 genera by annotation.At the phylum level,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Blastomonas and actinomyces were the dominant phyla in farmland soil,and the no-tillage treatment was generally higher than the traditional tillage treatment.The diversity analysis showed that no-till wheat/maize intercropping significantly reduced soil bacterial richness and diversity.Correlation analysis indicated that soil bacterial community structure was mainly affected by soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and nitrate nitrogen contents.In conclusion,from the perspective of soil bacterial community composition,no-till tillage is superior to traditional tillage.

关 键 词：玉米 土壤微生物 土壤细菌群落 土壤理化性质 轮作方式 

分 类 号：S513.047[农业科学—作物学]