灌门水道水轮机阵列布置对潮流运动特性的影响  

Effects of the Hydroturbine Array Arrangement in Guanmen Channel on Tidal Current Movement Characteristics

作　　者：王树潼 武贺[2] 陈娅玲 WANG Shutong;WU He;CHEN Yaling(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;National Ocean Technology Center,Tianjin 300112,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]国家海洋技术中心,天津300112

出　　处：《船舶工程》2024年第6期123-131,共9页Ship Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42276228,12302315)。

摘　　要：潮流能水轮机机组的运行会改变潮流运动结构,引起局部区域的水动力特性发生变化,进而影响机组的获能效率。对此,以舟山群岛灌门水道为例,基于Delft 3D软件建立三维水动力学模型,研究机组阵列交错布置对运动潮流的影响。通过网格嵌套分别模拟舟山群岛和灌门水道的潮流运动特征,采用多孔盘法模拟水轮机阵列对潮流空间结构的作用。研究表明:多排机组阵列运行之后,水轮机及下游潮流流速会显著下降,并引起垂向上转轮上、下边缘区流速增加;水轮机迎流方向水位上升,涨、落急时刻最大壅水差值达10cm;水轮机底部及机组之间的床面切应力增大,尾流影响区切应力减小;尾流叠加,床面切应力进一步减小,落急时刻尾流区的床面切应力减小量可达54.03%,阵列两侧床面切应力增大量可达177.93%。在未来的潮流能开发选址中,应全面评估布置水轮机后可能引起的潮流运动特性变化,优化阵列布置,降低对环境的影响。The efficient use of tidal current energy can alleviate the energy shortage in some offshore islands.However,the operation of tidal current hydroturbine array will change the structure of tidal flow characteristics,causing changes in local hydrodynamic characteristics,and thus having an influence on the power efficiency,in order to explore the tidal flow impacts of staggered hydroturbine array layout,a model is established based on Delft 3D.First,nested grids are used to stimulate the hydrodynamic properties of tides in the Zhoushan Archipelago and Guanmen Channel.Then,to simulate the interaction between tidal hydroturbine array and the spatial structure of tidal flow,the porous disc approach is used.The results show that the array layout can significantly reduce the flow velocity of the tidal current hydroturbine and its wake,and cause an increase in the flow velocity in the upper and lower edge areas of the vertical blades.The water level in the upstream direction of the tidal current hydroturbine rises,and the maximum difference in backwater at maximum flood and ebb reaches 10 cm.The bed shear stress at the bottom of the tidal current hydroturbine and between the turbines increases,while the shear stress in the wake region decreases.With a reduction of 54.03%during low water slack in the wake region,the wake overlapping lowers the bed shear stress,the increase in bed shear stress on both sides of the array layout can reach 177.93%.In the future development of tidal energy,a comprehensive assessment of potential changes in tidal flow characteristics should be conducted following the array layout.Optimization of array layout is essential to minimize environmental impact.

关 键 词：灌门水道 水轮机阵列 尾流效应 阻塞作用 床面切应力 

分 类 号：TV136.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] P743.3[天文地球—海洋科学]