最低工资调整对区域创新影响的实证研究  

Empirical Study on the Impact of Minimum Wage Standard Adjustment on Regional Innovation

作　　者：程广帅[1] 张赛 芦梦雅 CHENG Guangshuai;ZHANG Sai;LU Mengya(School of Public Management,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China;Jiangxia District Taxation Bureau,Wuhan 430212,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学公共管理学院,武汉430073 [2]湖北省武汉市江夏区税务局,武汉430212

出　　处：《开发研究》2024年第4期81-90,共10页Research On Development

摘　　要：基于2005—2020年省级面板数据,实证考察了最低工资对区域创新的影响及其作用机制。考虑到最低工资与创新之间可能存在互为因果的关系,用滞后一期的最低工资作为工具变量来解决这一问题。实证结果发现,最低工资促进了区域创新,其影响机制是要素替代效应和人力资本积累效应。稳健性分析表明,最低工资与区域创新之间确实存在正向因果关系。而异质性分析则表明,最低工资对区域创新的影响存在明显的区域差异,这一影响在东部地区最为显著,西部地区次之,最弱的是中部地区。政府应该加大教育投资,提高劳动力质量,进一步优化教育和人力资本结构,通过相关政策激励企业根据自身实际情况开展在职培训,提高员工技能水平和人力资本积累,破除影响劳动力流动的障碍,促进劳动力在不同行业和地区间的流动,加快不同知识、思想和观念的沟通、碰撞与交流,提高不同技能劳动力的互补性,从而激励创新。Based on the provincial panel data from 2005 to 2020,this paper empirically investigates the impact of the minimum wage on regional innovation and its mechanism.Considering the possible reciprocal causality between the minimum wage and innovation,this paper uses a one-period lagged minimum wage as an instrumental variable to solve the problem.The empirical results show that the minimum wage promotes regional innovation,and its influence mechanism is factor substitution effect and human capital accumulation effect.Further robustness analysis indicates that there is a positive causal relationship between the minimum wage and regional innovation.While the heterogeneity analysis reveals that there are obvious regional differences in the impact of the minimum wage on regional innovation,with the eastern region experiencing the most pronounced effect,followed by the western region,and the weakest in the central region.The government should increase investment in education,improve labor quality,further optimize the education and human capital structure,and incentivize enterprises through relevant policies to conduct on-the-job training based on their actual conditions to enhance employees’skill levels and human capital accumulation,remove barriers to labor mobility and facilitate it across industries and regions,accelerating the communication,collision,and exchange of diverse knowledge,ideas,and perspectives.This,in turn,enhances the complementarity of skilled labor and stimulates innovation.

关 键 词：最低工资 区域创新 要素替代 人力资本积累 

分 类 号：F249.24[经济管理—劳动经济] F124.3[经济管理—国民经济]