节点地震采集地震记录质量控制研究  

Research on quality control of seismic shot records ofnodal seismic survey acquisition

作　　者：曹雄伟 李育龙 宋昊 许宗武 熊彦荣 CAO Xiongwei;LI Yulong;SONG Hao;XU Zongwu;XIONG Yanrong

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司国际勘探事业部,河北涿州072750 [2]中国石油大学(北京)地球物理学院 [3]中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司采集技术中心

出　　处：《物探装备》2024年第4期244-248,共5页Equipment for Geophysical Prospecting

摘　　要：节点地震采集技术基于能够灵活应用于多种复杂环境、投入辅助设备和人员少、无接收道数限制、采集过程中无需等待查排列时间、节点电池长续航周期、节点质量控制报告快捷回收等特点,实现了地震采集施工的降本增效,引领地震采集行业的发展。但是,基于目前节点设备和技术的限制,节点接收到的单炮记录数据不能实现实时回收,一般是等待节点采集完所有需要接收的单炮记录数据后才回收节点,进行数据处理、分析。无法及时对单炮记录进行质量监控,不能及时准确发现雷管响、弱炮等现象,导致不合格单炮补炮不及时,造成质量隐患。本文通过对爆炸机井口检波器记录地震波数据和每个炮手回收2个节点记录不同炮检距的单炮数据综合分析,准确地监控了每日的雷管响、爆炸不全等弱炮现象,及时对不合格单炮采取弥补措施,有效地保障和提高了节点盲采地震采集资料品质。The seismic surveyusing nodal blind acquisition technology is based on its flexible application in various complex environments,low equipment and personnel investment,no receiver channel limit,no need to wait for troubleshoot time during the acquisition process,long battery life cycle of nodes,and fast recovery of node QC reports.It achieves cost reduction and efficiency in seismic exploration acquisition construction,leading the development trend of the seismic survey acquisition industry.However,due to the limitations of current node equipment and technology,the shot record data received by the node cannot be collected in real-time and in a timely manner.Generally,it is necessary to wait for the node to collect all the requiredshot record data before recycling the node for data processing and analysis.Unable to monitor the quality of shot recorded data in a timely manner,unable to accurately find out the detonator shooting,weak shot,and other phenomena,unable to re-drill for unqualifiedshots in a timely manner,forming a principled quality hazard.This article comprehensively analyzes the seismic wave data recorded by the up-hole geophone of the blaster on that day and theshot data with different offsets recorded by each shooter connecting two nodes on that day.It accurately monitors the weak shot phenomena such as shooting with only detonator and incomplete explosion on a daily basis,and takes timely re-drill for unqualified single shots,effectively ensuring and improving the quality of blind seismic survey data acquisition with nodes.

关 键 词：节点盲采 井口检波器 弱炮 单炮记录 补井 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]