青海省山洪灾害防御难点堵点及破解对策  

Key Challenges and Solutions in Flash Flood Disaster Prevention in Qinghai Province

作　　者：温得平 陈国昕 李珍 谈睿清 Wen Deping;Chen Guoxin;Li Zhen;Tan Ruiqing(Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Service Center of Qinghai Province,Xining 810001,China;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省水旱灾害防御服务中心,西宁810001 [2]省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810001

出　　处：《青海科技》2024年第3期162-166,共5页Qinghai Science and Technology

基　　金：省部共建三江源生态和高原农牧业国家重点实验室自主研究项目(2024-ZZ-02)。

摘　　要：近年来,在青藏高原暖湿化背景下,青海省极端强对流天气多发频发,山洪突发性、局地性特征更加明显,山洪灾害对人民群众生命财产安全构成严重威胁。在调研基层部门山洪灾害日常防治工作状况,系统梳理得出基层山洪灾害防御任务重、技术力量薄弱、监测站网密度不足、山洪沟治理与需求严重不协调等难点堵点的基础上,结合工作实际,提出开展山洪灾害隐患调查及影响分析、雨水情监测能力提升、测雨雷达建设应用、山洪小流域数字孪生建设、加大山洪沟治理和科技研究等对策建议,对青海省开展山洪灾害防御和治理具有重要的现实意义。In recent years,under the background of warming and wetting on the Qinghai-Xizangi Plateau,Qinghai Province has experienced frequent occurrences of extreme strong convective weather.The characteristics of flash floods,such as suddenness and locality,have become more pronounced,posing a severe threat to the safety of people’s lives and property.Based on an investigation of the routine flood prevention and control work in grassroots departments,a systematic review revealed several key challenges,including heavy flood defense tasks at the grassroots level,weak technical capabilities,insufficient monitoring station network density,and a significant mismatch between flood channel management and actual needs.In light of these findings,and in combination with practical work experience,several countermeasures are proposed,include conducting flash flood hazard investigations and impact analyses,enhancing rain and water monitoring capabilities,constructing and applying rainfall radar systems,developing digital twins for small watershed flash floods,increasing efforts in flood channel management,and advancing scientific research.These recommendations are of great practical significance for the prevention and management of flash flood disasters in Qinghai Province.

关 键 词：山洪灾害 难点堵点 对策研究 青海 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]