典型山地城镇梯度开发与地面沉降空间关联特征  

Spatial Correlation Characteristics Between Gradient Development and Land Subsidence in Typical Mountainous Towns

作　　者：李政宏 周亮 高鸿 王文达 魏伟[4] LI Zhenghong;ZHOU Liang;GAO Hong;WANG Wenda;WEI Wei(School of Surveying and Geoinformation,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730030,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Application of Geographic Monitoring Technology,Lanzhou 730030,China;Gansu Provincial Geographic Monitoring Engineering Laboratory,Lanzhou 730030,China;School of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,甘肃兰州730030 [2]地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730030 [3]甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室,甘肃兰州730030 [4]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2024年第7期752-765,共14页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42271214);甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(编号:21JR7RA281);中国科学院西部之光人才培养计划项目(编号:2020XBZG-XBQNXZ-A)资助。

摘　　要：山地城镇发展受限于地形地貌,出现了以新城建设为主的城市扩张模式。该模式地理空间表现为新城建设远离主城区,城市建设用地逐渐向更高的坡度上扩张(即建设用地梯度扩张)。梯度扩张虽解决了山地城镇土地资源紧缺问题,但也提高了诸如地面沉降等地质灾害风险,因而探究梯度扩张规律以及识别灾害风险是研究的重中之重。研究选取梯度扩张程度剧烈的3个新城区作为典型案例区域,利用数字高程模型获取了2017—2022年新区梯度扩张区域,基于2016—2020年Sentinel-1ASAR数据利用SBAS-InSAR技术得到地表形变信息,揭示新区梯度扩张与地面沉降之间的空间关联。结果表明:(1)2017—2022年,延安新区、两江新区和兰州新区的梯度扩张现象显著,梯度扩张区域占比分别为53.5%、51.0%和45.2%,受地形影响最严重的延安新区梯度扩张区域占比最高,梯度扩张速度与城市扩张速度趋势基本相符。(2)延安新区、两江新区和兰州新区最大沉降速率分别为28mm/a、30mm/a和29mm/a,沉降多发生在新区扩张前沿且沉降区周围均存在不同规模梯度的扩张区域。(3)梯度扩张强度与地面沉降速率呈正相关,高梯度扩张强度和高地面沉降速率区域的集聚分布表明城市梯度扩张加速了扩张区域地面沉降的发生。研究对探究城市梯度扩张与地面沉降关联,推动山地城市可持续发展有着积极的作用。The development of mountainous towns is limited by the terrain and landforms,resulting in an urban expansion model dominated by new city construction.The geographical spatial manifestation of this model is that the construction of new cities is far from the main urban area and urban construction land gradually expands toward higher slopes(i.e.,gradient expansion of construction land).Although gradient expansion solves the problem of land resource scarcity in mountainous towns,it also increases the risk of geological disasters,such as land subsidence.Exploring the law of gradient expansion and identifying disaster risks are paramount.This study selected three new cities with severe gradient expansion as typical case areas and used DEM to obtain the gradient expansion areas of the new areas from 2017 to 2022.Based on Sentinel-1A SAR data from 2016 to 2020,SBAS InSAR technology was used to obtain surface deformation information in order to reveal the spatial correlation between gradient expansion and land subsidence in new areas.①The results showed that,from 2017 to 2022,the gradient expansion phenomenon in Yan'an New Area,Liangjiang New Area,and Lanzhou New Area was significant,with gradient expansion areas accounting for 53.5%,51.0%,and 45.2%,respectively.Yan'an New Area,which was most severely affected by terrain,had the highest proportion of gradient expansion areas,and the gradient expansion speed was consistent with the urban expansion speed trend.②The maximum settlement velocities in Yan'an New Area,Liangjiang New Area,and Lanzhou New Area were 28,30,and 29 mm/a,respectively.Settlement mostly occurred at the beginning of the expansion of the new area,and there were different scale-gradient expansion areas around the settlement area.③The intensity of gradient expansion was positively correlated with the rate of land subsidence,and the clustering distribution of areas with high gradient expansion intensity and high ground subsidence rate indicated that urban gradient expansion accelerated the occurrence o

关 键 词：山地城市 梯度扩张 地面沉降 空间关联 INSAR技术 国家新区 

分 类 号：P642.26[天文地球—工程地质学]