From Chooz to the Ling'ao NPP:The Technology Transfer of Pressurized Water Reactor Technology from France to China  

从舒兹到岭澳——压水堆技术从法国向中国的转移

作　　者：CHEN Yue LI Yunyi 陈悦;李云逸

机构地区：[1]Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China

出　　处：《Chinese Annals of History of Science and Technology》2024年第1期97-124,共28页中国科学技术史（英文）

基　　金：a phase study of a key project of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan of the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences:“A Comparative Study of the Sino-Foreign History of Scientific and Technological Innovation:The Road to Scientific and Technological Self-Reliance and Self-Improvement”,E2291J01。

摘　　要：The transfer of pressurized water reactor(PWR)technology from France to China is an important event in the history of Sino-French scientific and technological relations.China has gradually achieved self-reliance in the field of PWR technology through the introduction and subsequent absorption of France's 900 MW reactors.Compared with the process of introducing and absorbing similar technology from the United States by France,China's experience has been more complicated.This circumstance reflects the differences in the nuclear power technology systems between the two countries.France's industrial strength and early acquisition of nuclear power technology laid a solid foundation for mastering PWR technology.On the other hand,although China established a weak foundation through the implementation of the"728 Project,"and tried hard to negotiate with France,the substantive content of the technology transfer was very limited.By way of the policy transition from"unhooking of technology and trade"to"integration of technology and trade,"China ultimately accomplished the absorption and innovation of PWR technology through the Ling'ao NPP.压水堆技术从法国向中国的转移是中法科技关系史上的重要事件。中国通过引进法国的90万千瓦级反应堆,在消化吸收之后逐步实现了压水堆领域的自立自强。与法国引进吸收美国同类技术的过程相比,中国的进展较为曲折。这反映了中法两国核电技术体系的差异。法国的工业实力与早期核电技术的积累为掌握压水堆技术打下了坚实基础。中国虽然通过“728工程”的实施建立起与法国的核电对话体系,但技术转移的内容非常有限。通过从“技贸脱钩”到“技贸结合”的转变,中国最终完成了压水堆技术的吸收与创新。

关 键 词：pressurized water reactor(PWR) technology transfer Sino-French relations Chooz NPP Daya Bay NPP Ling'ao NPP 

分 类 号：TM623.91[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]