超高速公路设计标准研究综述与展望  

Review and Prospect on Superhighway Design Standard

作　　者：周建[1] 李雨璇 李欣[1] 周荣贵[1] 王光东 ZHOU Jian;LI Yu-xuan;LI Xin;ZHOU Rong-gui;WANG Guang-dong(Key Laboratory of Highway Traffic Safety Technology and Transportation Industry,Research Institute of Highway,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100088,China;Research Center for Road Traffic Safety,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100062,China;Xinjiang Institute of Transportation Planning and Survey Design Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China;Key Laboratory of Highway Engineering Technology and Transportation Industry in Arid Desert Region,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830099,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部公路科学研究院公路交通安全技术交通运输行业重点实验室 [2]公安部道路交通安全研究中心 [3]新疆交通规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 [4]干旱荒漠区公路工程技术交通运输行业重点实验室

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2024年第7期172-184,共13页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：新疆交通投资(集团)有限责任公司科技研发计划资助项目(ZQG-FWCG-202011-015)。

摘　　要：从超高速公路概念与分级、驾驶适应性与人因、几何线形设计标准、沿线设施设计标准、交通组织与管理等方面的研究现状进行归纳和综述。结果表明:超高速公路最高设计速度取140~160 km/h时,通过提速改造或新建的方式满足当前普通小客车的思路,更适合当前的交通发展现状;超高速驾驶适应性、人因与驾驶行为方面的研究还未系统开展;几何线形设计标准方面相关研究普遍基于车辆动力学理论推荐,但结果存在一定的差异;缺少基于驾驶人和车辆超高速行驶适应性和稳定性的验证研究,缺少交通流基础规律和适应交通量标准研究;缺少互通式立交、隧道、服务设施、安全设施、路面条件等设施方面的研究,应进一步结合人因与驾驶行为、车辆动力学特性系统开展相关研究;缺少交通流组织与管理方式方面的研究,当前条件下,如何从空间上分离不同特性的车辆、降低干扰、保证超高速功能的发挥,需要从驾驶行为规则、限速管理、车道管理、车型管理等方面开展研究;应加强不良天气管理、应急救援管理、日常养护管理等方面的研究,确保超高速公路功能正常发挥;研究手段方面,考虑到驾驶人和车辆超高速行驶适应性、规律性和稳定性方面的问题,应该大量补充基于实车试验、驾驶模拟试验等手段的研究。This paper summarizes and reviews the research status quo of concept and classification of superhighway,driving adaptability and human factors,geometric alignment design standard,roadside facilities design standard,traffic organization and administration,etc.The result indicates that when the maximum design speed of superhighway is 140-160 km/h,the idea of serving current demand for ordinary passenger cars speed increase through the speed-up reconstruction or new construction is more suitable for the current traffic development situation and demand.The research on adaptability,human factors and driving behavior of superhigh speed driving has not been systematically carried out.In terms of geometric alignment design standards,the research is generally carried out based on vehicle dynamics theory;however,due to different selected preconditions,the results are somewhat different.There is a lack of validation research based on adaptability,regularity and stability of drivers,and vehicles driving at super-high speed.There is a lack of research on basic rules of traffic flow and applicable traffic volume standards.There is a lack of research on facilities,e.g.,interchanges,tunnels,service facilities,safety facilities,and road conditions,which should be further carried out combining with human factors,driving behavior,and vehicle dynamics.There is a lack of research on traffic flow organization and administration methods.Under the current conditions,it is impossible to exclude the interference of other vehicles from the actual expressway.How to separate vehicles with different characteristics spatially,and ensure the exertion of superhigh speed function? That needs to be studied from the aspects of driving behavior rules,speed limit management,lane management,and vehicle type management,etc.Simultaneously,the research on bad weather management,emergency rescue management and daily maintenance management to ensure the normal functioning of superhigh speed should be strengthened.In terms of research methods,considering th

关 键 词：交通工程 超高速公路 综述 自然驾驶 人因 几何线形 沿线设施 公路管理 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]