Ⅱ~Ⅵ族半导体纳米晶体的手性研究前沿  

Emerging frontiers in chiral Ⅱ~Ⅵ semiconductor nanostructures

作　　者：刘培朝 张怀芳 周宾倩 曹涛 陈威 李以文 郝俊杰 潘瑞琨[1] 程佳吉 Peizhao Liu;Huaifang Zhang;Binqian Zhou;Tao Cao;Wei Chen;Yiwen Li;Junjie Hao;Ruikun Pan;Jiaji Cheng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062;College of Integrated Circuits and Optoelectronic Chips,Shenzhen Technology University,Shenzhen 518118;College of Engineering Physics,Shenzhen Technology University,Shenzhen 51811)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430062 [2]深圳技术大学集成电路与光电芯片学院,深圳518118 [3]深圳技术大学工程物理学院,深圳518118

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2024年第8期1337-1351,共15页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:62204107);湖北省“楚天学者”以及“百人计划”项目;湖北省科学技术厅一般面上项目(编号:2023AFB635);湖北省科学技术厅青年项目(编号:2020CFB200、2021CFB018、2024AFB521);深圳技术大学新引进高端人才科研启动经费(编号:GDRC202344);深圳高新区发展专项计划创新平台建设项目(编号:29853M-KCJ-2023-002-01)资助。

摘　　要：近年来,手性Ⅱ~Ⅵ族半导体纳米晶体因其独特的光电性能和手性诱导电子自旋选择性特点而受到广泛关注.手性是一种对称性破缺现象,可通过以下几种方式诱导纳米晶体的手性:(1)连接手性配体;(2)形成手性晶格;(3)形成手性形貌;(4)手性组装排列;(5)多级手性及手性放大.在手性诱导过程中,由于更小尺寸的纳米晶体——量子点的量子限域效应,其物理化学性质可随尺寸、形貌、组成和晶型进行调控,可以使其在紫外-可见-近红外光区域内表现出手性消光和圆偏振发光等特性.此外,几何参数如形状各向异性、晶格失配和表面不对称性在调节手性纳米结构的手性响应中也扮演着关键角色.因此,II~VI族手性半导体纳米材料在纳米光子学应用中的根本挑战是对纳米尺度的立体合成的完全控制,并从实验和理论两方面阐明不同维度手性的发生机制.本综述介绍了过去十几年来手性半导体纳米晶体,从控制合成到手性起源探索和潜在应用方面的最新研究进展,并提出了新的材料合成策略和理论改进论点,为新兴的跨学科领域如圆偏振发光、自旋电子学和基于手性的医疗诊断纳米器件应用等提供新思路.Recently, chiral Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductor nanocrystals have attracted much attention due to their unique photoelectric properties and chiral induced electron spin selectivity. Chirality is a symmetry breaking phenomenon,which can be induced by the following ways:(1) capped with chiral ligands;(2) chiral lattice;(3) chiral morphology;(4)chiral organization;(5) multilevel chirality and chiral amplification. The physical and chemical properties of quantum dots can be tuned with their size, morphology, composition and crystalline structure due to the quantum confinement effect. Quantum dots induced with chirality exhibit circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence in the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared region. Moreover, since chirality is indeed a three-dimensional(3D) feature which is closely related to degree of symmetry breaking, geometrical parameters such as anisotropy in shape, lattice mismatch and surface dissymmetry hold as well a pivotal part in modulation of the chiroptical responses of chiral nanostructures.Therefore, the fundamental challenges for chiral semiconductors in nanophotonic applications is to gain full control over nanoscale stereo-synthesis and in-depth understanding of chirogenesis at different dimensions both experimentally and theoretically. Herein, the goal of this review is to highlight recent developments in controlled synthesis, explorations of chiral origins and potential applications of Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductor nanocrystals over the past decades so as to encourage new synthetic and theoretical improvements for triggering new insights into newly released interdisciplinary areas such as circularly polarized luminance, spintronics and chirality-based theragnostic nano-devices.

关 键 词：Ⅱ~Ⅵ族半导体纳米晶体 手性诱导 光学活性 圆偏振发光 手性诱导自旋选择性 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] O734[理学—晶体学]