干细胞治疗促血管形成修复脊髓损伤的作用研究进展  

Pro‑angiogenetic effects of stem cell therapy for spinal cord injury:a review

作　　者：赵玉麟 王恒 卢洋 陈诚 陈晓庆[1] Zhao Yulin;Wang Heng;Lu Yang;Chen Cheng;Chen Xiaoqing(Department of Spinal Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University,Nantong University School of Medicine,Nantong 226001,China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属医院脊柱外科,南通大学医学院,南通226001

出　　处：《中华创伤杂志》2024年第8期743-752,共10页Chinese Journal of Trauma

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82371383);江苏省卫生健康委员会重点项目(K2023006);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX24_2061)。

摘　　要：脊髓损伤是最严重的神经系统疾病之一。脊髓损伤后血运重建为维持神经元网络的稳态提供了营养支持,有利于神经功能恢复。促进血管形成是修复脊髓损伤的关键策略。然而,脊髓损伤后血管的自我修复能力有限,常需要外部干预促进脊髓损伤后血管形成。药物和物理治疗是常见的促进脊髓损伤后血管形成的方式,但治疗效果十分有限。干细胞治疗是促进脊髓损伤后血管修复的重要方式,其细胞来源丰富,如神经干细胞(NSC)、间充质干细胞(MSC)等。学者通常利用干细胞旁分泌细胞因子、外泌体(EVs)促进脊髓损伤后血管形成。此外,干细胞本身具有多重分化能力,能够有效分化为内皮细胞从而达到促进血管形成的作用。目前,对脊髓损伤后干细胞促血管形成作用缺乏全面的认识。为此,笔者对干细胞促血管形成途径、脊髓损伤后干细胞治疗促血管形成作用的研究进展进行综述,为干细胞促进脊髓损伤后血管形成的相关基础研究及临床治疗提供参考。Spinal cord injury is one of the most serious neurological disorders.Revascularization after spinal cord injury can provide nutritional support to maintain the homeostasis of the neuronal networks and facilitate the recovery of neurological function.Promoting angiogenesis is a key repair strategy for spinal cord injury.However,since the ability of blood vessels to repair themselves is limited,external interventions are often needed to promote angiogenesis after spinal cord injury,among which medications and physical therapy are common ways,but their therapeutic effects are very limited.Stem cell therapy is an important way to promote the repair of the injured vessels in the spinal cord,with multiple sources of cells such as neural stem cell(NSC)and mesenchymal stem cell(MSC).The stem cell paracrine cytokines and extracellular vesicles(EVs)are often used to promote angiogenesis in the injured spinal cord.In addition,stem cells are capable of multiple differentiation and can effectively differentiate into endothelial cells,thus promoting angiogenesis.Currently,there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the pro-angiogenetic effects of the stem cells after spinal cord injury.For this purpose,the authors reviewed the researches in the pro-angiogenetic pathways of the stem cells and the pro-angiogenetic effects of stem cell therapy after spinal cord injury,aimed at providing references for relevant basic research on the pro-angiogenetic effects of stem cells after spinal cord injury and its clinical treatment.

关 键 词：干细胞 脊髓损伤 新生血管化 生理性 旁分泌细胞细胞间通讯 外泌体 

分 类 号：R651.2[医药卫生—外科学]