15-17世纪泰国湾海域的陶瓷贸易初探_以沉船资料为中心  

Exploration of Ceramic Trade in the Gulf of Thailand from the 15th to 17th Century:A Focus on Shipwreck Data

作　　者：马俊 Ma Jun

机构地区：[1]复旦大学文物与博物馆学系,上海200433

出　　处：《文博学刊》2024年第3期32-43,共12页Journal of Archaeology and Museology

摘　　要：泰国湾海域位于中南半岛与马来半岛之间,是中国古代“南洋航路”支路及东南亚陆地国家联通外部的重要通道。通过对15—17世纪泰国湾海域沉船出水陶瓷船货进行分组与编年发现,15至16世纪早中期,在明朝海禁、泰国政权支持、东南亚区域市场中心形成等因素影响下,泰国陶瓷抢占了东亚及东南亚海域内中国陶瓷短缺所留下的空白市场,到16世纪中晚期至17世纪早期,泰国陶瓷在中国陶瓷重新输出后快速衰退,其趋势与泰国湾海域内“南中国海”传统海船的兴衰基本同步。陶瓷船货组合的嬗变与造船技术传统的兴衰共同反映了西人东来前后东南亚海商势力、中国东南海商势力与西方海上势力的博弈,以及东南亚局部贸易区域融入早期全球化贸易网络的进程。The Gulf ofThailand,located between the Indochina Peninsula and the Malay Peninsula,served as a branch of ancient China’s“Southern Maritime Route”and was a crucial channel connecting mainland Southeast Asian countries with the outside world.Through the grouping and chronology of ceramic cargoes recovered from shipwrecks in the Gulf ofThailand from the 15th to the 17th century,it is found that from the 15th century to the early and middle of the 16th century,due to the influence of the Ming dynasty maritime ban,support from theThai regime,and the formation of regional market centers in Southeast Asia,Thai ceramics filled the gap left by the shortage of Chinese ceramics in the waters of East and Southeast Asia.However,from the mid-16th century to the early 17th century,alongside the re-export of Chinese ceramics,Thai ceramics declined rapidly.This trend was closely synchronized with the rise and fall of the South China Sea traditional ship within the Gulf ofThailand.The evolution of ceramic cargo combination and the rise and fall of traditional shipbuilding techniques jointly reflect the competition among Southeast Asian maritime trade forces,southeastern Chinese maritime trade forces,and Western maritime forces before and after the arrival of Westerners,as well as the process of integrating the local trading regions of Southeast Asia into the early globalized trading network.

关 键 词：15—17 世纪 泰国陶瓷 明代空白期 南中国海船型 早期贸易全球化 

分 类 号：K865.9[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]