履带式风送喷粉机关键部件设计与试验  

Design and test of key components of crawler-type air-fed powder spraying machine

作　　者：付梦 王勇 张慧明 张斌[2] 宋坚利[3] 付威 FU Meng;WANG Yong;ZHANG Huiming;ZHANG Bin;SONG Jianli;FU Wei(Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College,HainanUniversity,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;School of Information and Communication Engineering,HainanUniversity,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;College of Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学机电工程学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南大学信息与通信工程学院,海南海口570228 [3]中国农业大学理学院,北京100091

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期414-421,共8页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(521RC1036);国家自然科学基金项目(32160424);海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2023XDNY088)。

摘　　要：针对传统的天然橡胶植保存在的作业效率低、施药效果较差、农药利用率低等问题,研制了一种可实现变量施药的高扬程履带式风送喷粉机。通过理论分析各关键部件在喷施药粉过程中的作业机理,开展了喷粉机整机关键部件设计与选型;根据白粉病防治标准和橡胶树个体信息,设计了变量施药控制系统;胶园试验表明,在不同施药量和橡胶树的个体信息存在明显差异的情况下,目标橡胶树冠层的药粉有效利用率分别为46.93%、42.2%和39.72%,目标橡胶树冠层单位面积沉积量变异系数分别为18.77%、24.89%、12.51%,说明橡胶树叶片上、中、下层单位面积沉积量差异不明显,单位面积上药粉沉积较为均匀,施药效果较好。研究结果为天然橡胶树机械化植保作业提供了技术支持。Aiming at the problems of low operational efficiency,poor application effect and low utilization rate of pesticides in traditional natural rubber plant protection,this study developed a high-lift crawler-type air-fed powder sprayer that can realize variable application.Through theoretical analysis of the working mechanism of each key component in the process of spraying chemical powder,the design and selection of key components of the complete powder spraying machine were carried out.According to the powdery mildew control standard and individual information of rubber trees,a variable application control system was designed.The experiment in rubber plantation showed that under different application rates and obvious differences in individual information of rubber trees,the effective utilization rate of powder in the canopy of target rubber trees was 46.93%,42.2%and 39.72%,respectively,and the coefficients of variation of deposition per unit area in the canopy of target rubber trees were 18.77%,24.89%and 12.51%,respectively,which indicated that the differences of deposition per unit area of rubber tree leaves in the upper,middle and lower layers of rubber trees were the difference in the amount of deposition per unit area of rubber tree leaves was not obvious,and the powder deposition per unit area was more uniform,and the effect of drug application was better.The results of this study provide technical support for the mechanized plant protection of natural rubber trees.

关 键 词：天然橡胶 病害防治 精准施药装置 风送喷施技术 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]