石河子市城区老年人能力评估及影响因素分析  

Assessment and influencing factors of elderly people in the urban area of Shihezi city

作　　者：王孜凡 李萍[1] 王静[1] WANG Zifan;LI Ping;WANG Jing(School of Medicine,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期471-477,共7页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团科技计划项目(2016CE003)。

摘　　要：目的了解石河子市城区老年人能力现状及其影响因素,为社区进一步开展有针对性的居家养老服务提供参考依据。方法于2023年3月—5月,采用分层随机抽样的方法选取石河子市6个社区内638名老年人作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、老年人能力评估表、阿森斯失眠量表进行问卷调查,采用单因素分析、有序多分类Logistic回归分析探讨老年人能力的影响因素。结果城区老年人中,能力完好177人(27.7%),轻度失能398人(62.4%),中度失能36人(5.6%),重度失能15人(2.4%),完全失能12人(1.9%)。有序多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、患慢性病数量、关节活动度、残疾情况、是否经常体育锻炼、睡眠质量是老年人能力的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论城区老年人失能率为72.3%,高龄、文化程度低、患4种及以上慢性病、关节活动度有影响、残疾、不经常体育锻炼、存在睡眠障碍是老年人能力的危险因素。社区亟需重视老年人失能情况,采取积极有效干预措施,并根据老年人能力情况提供相应服务,提高其生活质量。Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of the ability level of elderly people in the urban area of Shihezi City,and provide reference basis for further targeted home-based elderly care services in the community.Methods From March to May 2023,a stratified random sampling method was used to select 638 elderly people from 6 communities in Shihezi City as the research subjects.A questionnaire survey was conducted using the General Information Survey Form,Elderly Ability Assessment Form,and Asens Insomnia Scale.Univariate analysis and ordered multiclass logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of elderly people’s abilities.Results Among the elderly population in urban areas,177(27.7%)had intact abilities,398(62.4%)had mild disabilities,36(5.6%)had moderate disabilities,15(2.4%)had severe disabilities,and 12(1.9%)had complete disabilities.The results of ordered multiclass logistic regression analysis showed that age,educational level,number of chronic diseases,joint range of motion,disability status,frequent physical exercise,and sleep quality were influencing factors on the ability of the elderly(P<0.05).Conclusion The disability rate of elderly people in urban areas is 72.3%.Advanced age,low educational level,four or more chronic diseases,affected joint mobility,disability,infrequent physical exercise,and sleep disorders are risk factors for the ability of elderly people.The community urgently needs to pay attention to the disability situation of the elderly,take active and effective intervention measures,and provide corresponding services based on their abilities to improve their quality of life.

关 键 词：城区 老年人 能力等级 影响因素分析 老龄化 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]