基于EMD能量熵的受电弓滑板振动特性分析与诊断  

Analysis and Diagnosis of Vibration Characteristics for Pantograph Strip Based on EMD Energy Entropy

作　　者：田亮 尹彦宏 刘寅秋 王志良 TIAN Liang;YIN Yanhong;LIU Yinqiu;WANG Zhiliang(Locomotive&Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Zongheng Electro-Mechanical Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081 [2]北京纵横机电科技有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2024年第4期106-112,共7页Railway Locomotive & Car

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(J2020J003)。

摘　　要：结合检测数据,对高速运行下受电弓滑板振动特性进行研究,提出了基于经验模态分解(EMD)的滑板异常振动诊断方法。首先,开展国内外弓网振动评价体系研究。其次,通过分析线路试验数据,得出高速运行时DSA380型受电弓滑板垂向加速度能量主要集中在278、550 Hz附近,且振动主频为278 Hz。通过ANSYS计算滑板垂向第3、5阶模态频率为279.65、531.47 Hz,与线路试验结果相近。该结果反映我国弓网振动评价体系主要表征受电弓碳滑板的弹性振动,且DSA380型受电弓滑板高速运行时振动响应主频为滑板3阶模态频率。最后,应用经验模态分解对振动数据进行自适应分解得到若干本征模态函数(IMF)。当滑板异常振动时,能量集中分布于滑板3阶模态频率处,能量熵较正常状态大幅减小,因而可采用能量熵作为评价指数,评判滑板工作状态。By studying the vibration characteristics of pantograph strip under high-speed operation condition,an abnormal vibration diagnosis method based on the EMD(empirical mode decomposition)-entropy was proposed combining with the analysis of test data.Firstly,this article compared the difference between EN 50317 and Chinese criteria of the pantograph-catenary vibration.Furthermore,the test data of dynamic inspection show that the vertical vibration energy of contact strip of DSA 380 locates near 278 Hz and 550 Hz and the dominant frequency is 278 Hz.While the ANSYS modal analysis results indicate the 3rd and 5th vertical mode frequency is 279.65 Hz and 531.47 Hz which is very close to the result of the test run.It demonstrates that the Chinese standard focused on the elastic vibration of the strip and the dominant vibration frequency of the strip of DSA 380 is its 3rd mode frequency.In the end,the empirical mode decomposition algorithm is applied to adaptively decompose the signal into several intrinsic mode functions(IMF).Vibration energy converge to the 3rd mode frequency and the energy entropy exponentially decrease when anomalous vibration happens.Thus,energy entropy can be used as an indicator to judge the pantograph operation status.

关 键 词：滑板振动特性 弹性形变 模态分析 经验模态分解(EMD) 能量熵 

分 类 号：U264.34[机械工程—车辆工程]