高速动车组接地电刷异常磨耗问题分析研究  

Analysis and Research on Abnormal Wear of High-Speed EMU Grounding Brush

作　　者：刘晓琴 张航 王大臣 刘锋建 LIU Xiaoqin;ZHANG Hang;WANG Dachen;LIU Fengjian(CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062 Jilin,China;UNIQUE Railway Transit Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062 Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,长春130062 [2]优立科轨道交通技术有限公司,长春130062

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2024年第4期136-143,共8页Railway Locomotive & Car

基　　金：长春轨道客车股份有限公司技术开发项目(J0000000018K)。

摘　　要：针对某型动车组接地装置摩擦副发生远低于预期120万km使用寿命的问题,对具有不同磨损状态电刷的材料成分、微观组织结构进行了分析,发现不同电刷的材料成分和组织结构基本一致,内部组织分布较为均匀。通过观察摩擦面形态分析了磨损过程,分析出摩擦副间放电是导致磨损加速的重要原因;通过对同组电刷加载弹簧进行性能测试结果表明,加载弹簧性能的差异会导致电刷结构在高速磨损条件下发生振动,使摩擦副发生瞬时脱离并导致放电,是电刷材料发生异常加速磨损的主要原因。A certain type of High-speed Railway grounding device friction pair is far lower than the expected 1.2 million kilometres,The service life of the material with different brush wear conditions of composition and its microstructure are analyzed,finding that the material composition of different brush and organizational structure,internal organization of distribution is relatively uniform.The wear process was analyzed by observing the morphology of the wear surface,and the discharge between the friction pairs was found to be an important cause of wear acceleration.The performance test results of the same group of brush loading springs show that the difference of the performance of the loading springs will lead to the vibration of the brush structure under the condition of high-speed wear,which will cause the instantaneous separation of the friction pair and lead to discharge,which is the main reason for the abnormal accelerated wear of brush materials.

关 键 词：电刷 磨损 摩擦副 微观组织 电蚀 

分 类 号：U266[机械工程—车辆工程]