基于车载三维激光扫描技术的LKJ数据测量方法研究  

LKJ Data Measurement Method based on Vehicle 3D Laser Scanning Technology

作　　者：何思源 许朋飞 何小飞 HE Siyuan;XU Pengfei;HE Xiaofei(China Railway First Survey and Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,China;Shanghai Railway Beidou Measurement Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200070,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043 [2]上海铁路北斗测量工程技术有限公司,上海200070

出　　处：《铁道勘察》2024年第4期72-77,共6页Railway Investigation and Surveying

基　　金：中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司科研开发计划重点课题(2022KY56(ZDZX)-02)。

摘　　要：为了进一步提高LKJ数据采集时测量自动化程度、作业效率、测量数据精度及数据容错率,降低外业安全风险系数,考虑三维激光扫描技术具有主动式、非接触、高分辨率、高精度等优势,提出一种基于点云数据的LKJ数据采集方法。以合肥工务段多条线路为例,使用由Z+F 9012激光扫描仪、定位导航模块(GNSS)、高精度激光惯导及车轮编码器组成的手推式车载三维激光扫描系统,结合改进后的CPⅢ靶标,快速完成多条线路的LKJ数据采集。将点云数据分别在60,200,500,1000 m靶标间隔进行约束计算分析,当靶标间隔为200 m、平均推行速度为5 km/h时,点云绝对位置精度可达6.5 mm(平面)、6.7 mm(高程),相对点云精度优于2 mm;通过点云数据可快速完成公里标、道岔、信号机及限界等LKJ数据采集。实践证明,该技术可以高效、精确地完成LKJ数据采集工作,同时为实现数字化工务管理提供基础数据,具有广阔的应用前景。In order to further improve the degree of measurement automation in LKJ data acquisition,improve work efficiency,measurement data accuracy and data fault tolerance rate,and reduce the field safety risk factor,based on the advantages of 3D laser scanning technology,such as active,non-contact,high resolution and high precision,a line LKJ data acquisition method based on point cloud data was proposed.In this paper,several lines of Hefei Works section were taken as test cases.A hand-propelled vehicle 3D laser scanning system consisting of Z+F9012 laser scanner,GNSS,high-precision laser inertial navigation and wheel encoder was used to quickly collect LKJ data of several lines,combined with an improved CPⅢtarget.Constraint calculation and analysis were carried out on the point cloud data at 60,200,500 and 1000 m target intervals respectively.When the target interval was 200 m and the average implementation speed was 5 km/h,the absolute position accuracy of the point cloud could reach 6.5 mm(plane)and 6.7 mm(elevation),and the relative point cloud accuracy was better than 2 mm.LKJ data acquisition such as kilometer mark,switch,signal and limit can be quickly completed through point cloud data.The project practice has proved that the technology can efficiently and accurately complete the LKJ data acquisition work,and provide basic data for the realization of digital public works management,and has broad application prospects.

关 键 词：铁路 车载三维激光扫描 CPⅢ靶标 LKJ数据测量 点云提取 

分 类 号：P212[天文地球—测绘科学与技术] P225