全站仪ATR技术在二等跨河水准测量中的应用  

Application of Total Station ATR Technology in the Second Order Cross-River Leveling

作　　者：周力璇 张培德 ZHOU Lixuan;ZHANG Peide(China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司,武汉430056

出　　处：《铁道勘察》2024年第4期92-96,107,共6页Railway Investigation and Surveying

摘　　要：超大跨度跨江桥梁高程控制网测量是桥梁施工测量的重难点,结合常泰长江大桥工程的高程控制网测量需求,研究全站仪ATR技术的工作原理,从跨河线路选取,跨河点位布设,竖直角测回数、组数及限差确定、测距三角高程测量等方面阐述全站仪ATR技术在长距离跨河水准测量中的使用,研究距离、角度、大气折光等因素对高差测量的影响,最后对跨江距离为2.97 km的全站仪跨河二等水准测量数据进行分析,双测回往返测取均值后互差最大值为9.99 mm,远小于互差限差;环闭合差最大值为8.89 mm,满足限差要求;往返测均值偶然中误差为±0.34 mm/km,满足二等水准测量精度要求。研究表明,利用全站仪ATR技术可以进行长度不超过3.0 km的跨河水准测量,其测量精度能达到国家二等水准精度要求。相较于传统人工照准测量方法,全站仪ATR技术可以显著提高测量效率,并实现跨河水准测量的智能化。Conducting vertical control network for super-span cross-river bridges is a key and challenging aspect of bridge construction measurement.Considering requirements of the vertical control network in Changtai Yangtze River Bridge project,the principle of total station ATR technology was studied from the aspects of cross-river line selection,cross-river points determination,vertical angle measurements and trigonometric leveling.The influence of distance,angle and atmospheric refraction on height difference measurement was investigated.Finally,the second order cross-river leveling data of total station with a crossriver distance of 2.97 km was analyzed.The maximum difference between the two circles after averaging was 9.99 mm,which was much smaller than the tolerance.The maximum ring closing difference was 8.89 mm,which met the requirement of tolerance.The random error of mean round-trip measurement was±0.34 mm/km,which met the requirement of second order leveling accuracy.It is concluded that the total station ATR technique could be used for cross-river leveling for bridges with lengths less than 3.0 km,and the accuracy meets the second order leveling.Compared to traditional manual aiming measurement methods,the ATR technology of total stations can significantly improve measurement efficiency and enable intelligent cross-river leveling.

关 键 词：城际铁路 全站仪ATR技术 跨河水准 工程测量 斜拉桥 

分 类 号：U212[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] P217[天文地球—测绘科学与技术] P258