三元动力锂离子电池内短路热失控残骸的特征  

Characteristics of residue of ternary Li-ion traction battery induced by internal short-circuit

作　　者：梁宏毅 王媛 甘友毅 邵丹 LIANG Hongyi;WANG Yuan;GAN Youyi;SHAO Dan(GAC Honda Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510700,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Battery Safety,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Testing,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511447,China)

机构地区：[1]广汽本田汽车有限公司,广东广州510700 [2]广州能源检测研究院,广东省动力电池安全重点实验室,广东广州511447

出　　处：《电池》2024年第4期487-491,共5页Battery Bimonthly

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFF0601101);国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目(2020MK127);广州市科技计划项目(202201011357)。

摘　　要：通过针刺引发电动汽车用LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)动力锂离子电池内短路,进而发生热失控,研究其残骸的典型特征。针刺实验过程中,监测电池的表面温度、电压数据,记录实验现象。通过工业计算机断层扫描(CT)对针刺前后的电池进行三维扫描成像,采用XRD、SEM、金相显微镜等方法,对热失控后的极片残余物进行微观结构及形貌分析。热失控后,电池内部卷芯发生形变和撕裂,卷芯形变挤压的方向指向引发点;引发位点的粉体材料XRD图中,出现特有的复合相衍射峰;内短路引发点的残留铜箔出现细小的树枝晶以及等轴晶。上述残骸特征,可作为定位内短路引发点的依据。The typical characteristics of the residue are investigated by triggering internal short-circuit thermal runaway through nail penetration to LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)Li-ion traction battery.During the experiment,the surface temperature and voltage data of the battery are monitored and the experimental phenomena are recorded.The 3D scanning imaging of the battery before and after the nail penetration is performed by industrial computed tomography(CT),the microstructure and morphology of the electrode residue after thermal runaway are analyzed by XRD,SEM and metallographic microscope.After thermal runaway,the cell of the battery is deformed and torn,the direction of the cell deformation and extrusion points to the internal short-circuit initiation point.In the XRD pattern of the residue material at the initiation site of the internal short-circuit,typical composite phase diffraction peak appears.The residual copper foil at the initiation point of the internal short-circuit presents fine dendrites and equiaxial crystals.The above characteristics of the residue can be used as the basis for locating the internal short-circuit trigger point.

关 键 词：三元动力锂离子电池 LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811) 热失控 针刺 内短路 残余物 

分 类 号：TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]