鱼类神经激肽B生理功能及其分子机制  

Physiological Functions and Molecular Mechanisms of Neurokinin B in Fish

作　　者：王滨[1,2] 田振方 郭慧英 徐永江 崔爱君[1,2] 姜燕 WANG Bin;TIAN Zhenfang;GUO Huiying;XU Yongjiang;CUI Aijun;JIANG Yan(State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266237,China;Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖生物育种与可持续产出全国重点实验室、中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科技中心海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2024年第5期1-12,共12页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2400401);国家自然科学基金(32072949);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费(20603022022018);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2023TD51);财政部和农业农村部:国家海水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-47)共同资助。

摘　　要：神经激肽B(Neurokinin B,NKB)是由tac3基因编码的一种下丘脑神经肽,属于Tachykinin家族重要成员之一,主要在脑中高表达,但也表达于外周组织中,通过其受体NK3R介导参与了哺乳动物多种生理功能。目前,已在斑马鱼(Danio rerio)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)、尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)等硬骨鱼中鉴定出NKB系统,并且NKB能够参与调节鱼类生殖和摄食等重要生理活动。本文对既有硬骨鱼NKB系统研究进行简要总结,从NKB及其受体基因鉴定、组织分布、生理功能、信号转导机制等方面进行全面概括讨论,以增加对鱼类NKB系统的认识和了解,以期为后续研究提供参考。Neurokinin B(NKB)is a hypothalamic neuropeptide containing 10 amino acids and is an essential member of the tachykinin family.Based on studies in mammals,Kiss,NKB,and dynorphin A are located in the common neurons,named KNDy neurons,and NKB and Kiss can stimulate the GnRH pulses.In humans,the mutations of NKB and its receptor NK3R can lead to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and infertility.NKB is also involved in many other physiological activities in mammals and has received increasing attention.NKB was first purified from porcine spinal cord extracts and named neurokinin B or neuromedin K.Subsequently,NKB has been identified in various species,and its encoding gene was named tac2 in ruminants and rodents,and tac3 in other mammals,birds,reptiles,amphibians,and fish.In teleosts,the NKB system was first identified in zebrafish by three laboratories in 2012;it was also found in grass carp,goldfish,Nile tilapia,European eel,orange-spotted grouper,and half-smooth tongue.As teleosts have experienced the third round of genome duplication(3R),the bony fish have two forms of tac3 genes,namely tac3a and tac3b.However,only tac3a is present in highly evolved fish species,such as Nile tilapia and orange-spotted grouper,whereas the tac3b gene has been lost.tac3 in fish and amphibians can encode two mature peptides,NKB and an NKB-related peptide(NKBRP),whereas there is only NKB in mammals,birds,and reptiles.NKB and NKBRP sequences are highly conserved,and sequence analysis showed that NKB and NKBRP share an identical-FXGLM motif at the C-terminus,and X is a hydrophobic or aromatic amino acid residue,which plays an important role in binding to homologous receptors.NKB exerts biological effects by activating the endogenous receptor NK3R.The NK3R receptor belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family and has a typical seven-transmembrane structure.NK3R is encoded by the tacr3 gene.There are two tacr3 subtypes in teleosts:tacr3a and tacr3b.There was an additional gene,called tacr3a2,in the zebrafish and grass carp,and it was produ

关 键 词：鱼类 神经激肽B 组织分布 生殖 信号转导 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]