温度对大菱鲆三倍体能量收支的影响  

Effect of Temperature on Energy Budgets in Triploid Turbot Juveniles,Scophthalmus maximus

作　　者：张邦胤 杨林 孟振[2] 孙晓璇 徐荣静 孙华中 刘新富[2] ZHANG Bangyin;YANG Lin;MENG Zhen;SUN Xiaoxuan;XU Rongjing;SUN Huazhong;LIU Xinfu(College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Fish Seed Engineering and Biotechnology,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Yantai Development Zone Tianyuan Aquatic Products Co.,Ltd.,Yantai 264001,China;Rushan Longhui seafood breeding Co.,LTD,Weihai 264511,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]青岛市海水鱼类种子工程与生物技术重点实验室、中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [3]烟台开发区天源水产有限公司,山东烟台264001 [4]乳山龙汇海产养殖有限公司,山东威海264511

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2024年第5期53-63,共11页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2400300);国家海水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-047);山东省重点研发计划(2019GHY112023);山东省农业良种工程(2019LZGC013)共同资助。

摘　　要：为探讨温度对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)三倍体生长和能量收支的影响,本研究设定13℃、16℃、19℃、22℃和25℃5个温度梯度,以人工配合饲料为饵料采用饱食投喂的方式,测定了大规格三倍体幼鱼[平均体质量为(120.24±17.20)g]生长和能量收支各组分。结果表明,三倍体幼鱼摄食率、增重率、特定生长率(SGR)和饲料转化率(FCE)均随温度升高呈先升高后降低的趋势,以湿重、干重、蛋白和能量计算的SGR、FCE与温度的关系符合二次方程,最佳生长温度分别为18.4℃、18.7℃、18.9℃和18.5℃,最大饲料转化率对应温度分别为18.1℃、18.6℃、18.9℃和18.2℃;排泄率、排粪率随温度升高呈先降低后升高的变化趋势;25℃时干物质、蛋白和能量表观消化率显著低于其他温度组;摄食能、生长能占比随温度升高呈倒“U”形变化趋势,19℃时达最高值,生长能和代谢能主导大菱鲆三倍体的能量分配,代谢能占摄食能的比例随温度升高呈“U”形趋势;19℃大菱鲆三倍体幼鱼的能量收支方程为100.00 C(摄食能)=34.58 G(生长能)+4.12 F(粪便能)+6.61 U(排泄能)+54.69 R(代谢能)或100.00 A(同化能)=38.74 G+61.26 R,大菱鲆三倍体属于高生长效率、低代谢消耗类型的能量分配模式。本结果可为大菱鲆三倍体养殖管理和养殖规范的制定提供基础资料。The investigation of fish bioenergetics primarily relies on using an energy budget equation to examine how the allocation of energy and nutrients in their diet impacts their growth rate and reproductive capabilities.By accurately forecasting the distribution of feeding intake energy towards growth,fecal excretion,and metabolism within the overall energetic framework of a fish,and considering diverse physiological factors or ecological influences that affect each aspect of this energetic balance sheet,scientific discoveries derived from these studies can provide valuable insights for making informed decisions regarding optimal dietary choices to enhance fish well-being.Additionally,it aids in refining rearing management strategies leading to improved feed utilization efficiencies,ultimately resulting in more sustainable aquaculture practices aimed at minimizing environmental pollution caused by excessive feeding activities.Temperature affects various physiological processes and growth potential,thereby,influencing feed requirements and utilization efficiency,which ultimately determine the allocation of feeding intake energy among growth,fecal,excretory,and metabolic energies.Extensive studies have been conducted to explore how temperature influences fish growth rates along with their overall energy budgets.The effects of temperature on the growth and energy budgets in triploid turbot,Scophthalmus maximus,were investigated in this study by establishing a series of five temperature gradients(13℃,16℃,19℃,22℃,and 25℃).Measurements of the growth and energy budget allocations were conducted on large-sized triploid turbot juveniles with mean body weight of(120.24±17.20)g at the aforementioned temperatures for 49 d.The results indicate that under conditions of salinity 28.6,pH 7.8,dissolved oxygen content above 7.8 mg/L,light intensity of 300 lx,and a light period of 16 L∶8 D ratio;the feeding rates(FR)and weight gain rates(WG)of triploid juveniles initially increased with increasing temperature before declin

关 键 词：大菱鲆 三倍体 温度 能量收支 

分 类 号：S968.1[农业科学—水产养殖]