夏季桑沟湾沉积物–水界面溶解氧分布和消耗的微观变化研究  

Microscale Variations in the Distribution and Consumption of Oxygen at the Sediment-Water Interface in Sanggou Bay in Summer

作　　者：康秦梓 刘毅[2] 吴文广[2] 仲毅 王新萌 张继红[2] KANG Qinzi;LIU Yi;WU Wenguang;ZHONG Yi;WANG Xinmeng;ZHANG Jihong(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]海水养殖生物育种与可持续产出全国重点实验室、中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2024年第5期96-108,共13页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-山东省人民政府联合基金(U1906216);科学技术部重点研发计划(2020YFA0607603);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022QD035);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费(20603022022012,20603022022024)共同资助。

摘　　要：为探明高温条件下贝藻养殖区沉积物–水界面溶解氧(DO)分布和消耗的微观变化特性,在2022年夏季,采用微剖面法对桑沟湾贝类区、贝藻区、藻类区和外海区内沉积物DO、H2S、pH的剖面分布进行了调查,测定了沉积物中有机碳含量、粒径等因子的剖面分布,计算了不同养殖区域沉积物–水界面的DO交换通量和沉积物的耗氧率。研究发现,贝类区、贝藻区、藻类区和外海区沉积物扩散边界层(DBL)厚度分别为(1.5±0.3)、(1.0±0.3)、(2.0±0.8)和(1.3±0.2)mm,区域间差异不显著;氧渗透深度(OPD)分别为(12.49±1.59)、(12.17±0.09)、(15.49±0.79)和(14.87±1.27)mm,其中,贝类区和贝藻区氧渗透深度显著低于藻类区和外海区。贝类区、贝藻区、藻类区和外海区的DO扩散通量分别为(24.10±1.89)、(49.53±10.24)、(26.69±13.13)和(24.79±7.95)mmol/(m^(2)·d),贝藻区沉积物–水界面DO扩散通量显著高于其他区域。沉积物–水界面DO扩散通量受上覆水DO浓度和沉积物耗氧率的显著影响,贝类区沉积物–水界面DO扩散通量受上覆水DO、DBL厚度及水–沉积物界面处DO的共同影响,贝藻区、藻类区沉积物–水界面DO扩散通量主要影响因素为沉积物上覆水DO。研究结果为深入了解养殖活动在养殖生态系统碳循环中的作用提供了科技支撑。Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture has attracted widespread attention and is considered an effective way to purify the water environment and improve the sustainability of aquaculture.However,the biodeposition produced by large-scale,high-density raft-type shellfish and seaweed aquaculture activities has been shown to be the main reason for the enrichment of organic matter in sediments.Organic matter enrichment changes the biogeochemistry of sediment,which is the main reason for hypoxia in the benthic environment.Especially in the summer,water column stratification in terms of water and salinity can lead to hypoxia in the benthic environment.Besides,the hypoxic conditions in sediment promote anaerobic metabolism and sulfate reduction,which increase the dissolved sulfide concentration in the interstitial water.It was reported that dissolved oxygen(DO)in the sediment is depleted within a range of a few millimeters to a few centimeters in surface sediments.The diffusion boundary layer(DBL),which generally varies between a tenth of a millimeter and a few millimeters above the sediment,greatly influences substance exchange across the sediment-water interface.Current studies on the environmental effect of aquaculture mainly focus on the influence of aquaculture activities on the environment,and the influence mechanism of aquaculture activities on the sediment microenvironment remains unknown.Therefore,it is necessary to study the influence of aquaculture activities on the sediment microenvironment and to explore the influence mechanism of aquaculture activities on the distribution of physical and chemical factors in the sediment microenvironment.In this study,microscale variations in the distribution and consumption of oxygen at the sediment-water interface under high temperature conditions was investigated in the summer of 2022 in Sanggou Bay,a typical integrated multi-trophic aquaculture area in northern China.A high-resolution microelectrode system was used to investigate the profile distributions of DO,hydrogen su

关 键 词：沉积物–水界面 微电极 溶解氧扩散通量 有机碳矿化 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学]