凡纳对虾高低繁殖力群体卵巢组织学观察及相关候选基因的表达分析  

Ovarian Histology and Expression of Related Candidate Genes in High-and Low-Fecundity Populations of Penaeus vannamei

作　　者：张建春 孔杰[1] 曹家旺 谭建 代平[1] 孟宪红[1] 罗坤[1] 傅强 陈宝龙[1] 刘东亚 邢群 隋娟[1] 栾生[1] ZHANG Jianchun;KONG Jie;CAO Jiawang;TAN Jian;DAI Ping;MENG Xianhong;LUO Kun;FU Qiang;CHEN Baolong;LIU Dongya;XING Qun;SUI Juan;LUAN Sheng(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries and Sustainable Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266071,China;College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;BLUP Aquabreed Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261312,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所、农业农村部海洋渔业与可持续发展重点实验室、青岛海洋科技中心海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]邦普种业科技有限公司,山东潍坊261312

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2024年第5期183-194,共12页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“抗偷死综合征凡纳滨对虾新品种选育”(2022YFD2400202);中国水产科学研究院科技创新团队项目(2020TD26);海南省院士创新平台科研专项(YSPTZX202104);恒兴南美白对虾育种中心(2021E05032);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-48);“十四五”广东省农业科技创新十大主攻方向“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022SDZG01)共同资助。

摘　　要：在生产中,凡纳对虾(Penaeus vannamei)雌虾的繁殖性能表现出巨大差异。本研究以一个生产周期中雌虾产卵频次为繁殖力指标性状,以高繁殖力和低繁殖力雌虾为研究对象,对雌虾不同卵巢发育阶段(增殖期、小生长期、大生长期和成熟期)进行组织学观察。针对在前期选择清除分析中筛选到的繁殖候选基因TRX2、PARD3、PLCβ4和RERE,在高、低繁殖力雌虾不同卵巢发育阶段,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法,首次分析比较这些基因在卵巢、眼柄组织中的表达规律。组织观察结果显示,低繁殖力雌虾卵巢在整个生产周期中无法发育至成熟期,高繁殖力雌虾卵巢在卵黄颗粒的形成和积累、皮质棒形成等关键过程的速度要快于低繁殖力雌虾。基因表达检测结果显示,在卵巢小生长期和大生长期,TRX2、PLCβ4和RERE基因在高繁殖力组卵巢的表达量均显著高于低繁殖力组卵巢(P<0.05),4个基因在高繁殖力组成熟期卵巢中均维持较高的表达水平;在不同时期的眼柄组织中,低繁殖力组中TRX2、PARD3、PLCβ4和RERE基因的表达量均高于高繁殖力组。研究表明,上述4种基因可能在凡纳对虾卵巢发育过程中发挥重要作用。以上结果为深入研究凡纳对虾雌虾繁殖力产生差异的分子机制以及分子辅助育种提供了重要参考。The Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei is one of the most productive shrimp species in China and the world.Domestic demand for P.vannamei has increased annually because of its fast growth,easy breeding,strong resistance to stress and disease,and high meat yield.The primary challenge in the development of the shrimp industry is seed rearing.The demand for broodstocks of P.vannamei in China is as high as 1,000,000 pairs per year,and the total weight of shrimp seedlings exceeds 1.3 trillion.China needs to import 300,000 pairs of P.vannamei every year.The cost of each pair of P.vannamei is approximately 200 US$,thus equating to hundreds of millions of US$in total.During the production of P.vannamei,the spawning frequency varies greatly among female shrimp.Cultivating high-fecundity P.vannamei through genetic improvement is an effective way to reduce the cost of seedling farms and improve economic benefits.To further study the molecular mechanisms of fecundity differences in female P.vannamei,the ovarian histology and expression of four candidate genes in populations with high-and low-fecundity were analyzed in this study.Before the experiment,the 7-month-old parent shrimp of P.vannamei were fed a commercial parent shrimp fortified diet,a maturation promoting diet,and squid for nutritional enhancement.After one month of promoting maturity,the unilateral eyestalk of female shrimp was cut using forceps,and next-generation family construction began after 15–20 days of recovery.The spawning frequency of 439 female shrimp in the 30-day production cycle was calculated and used to indicate fecundity.Those with a spawning frequency of 0 were included in the low-fecundity group,while those with a spawning frequency of>3 were included in the high-fecundity group.The ovarian development of P.vannamei was divided into four stages(proliferation,small growth,large growth,and maturation)according to the color,size,and shape of the ovaries.In the high-fecundity group,the ovaries exhibited development up to stageⅣ,indicating th

关 键 词：凡纳对虾 繁殖 卵巢 组织学 基因 表达模式 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]