西北干旱区10份披碱草属种质表型遗传多样性分析  

Phenotypic Genetic Diversity Analysis of 10 Elymus Germplasm Resources in the arid region of Northwest China

作　　者：张秀山 祁娟[1] 孟祥君 沈李瑜 独双双 杜旺毅 路欣 祁希明 ZHANG Xiu-shan;QI Juan;MENG Xiang-jun;SHEN Li-yu;DU Shuang-shuang;DU Wang-yi;LU Xin;QI Xi-ming(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education Gansu Grassland Engineering Laboratory/China-US Center for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Grassland Technology Extension Station,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省草原技术推广总站,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第8期2531-2539,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省寒旱区优良乡土生态草种质资源挖掘与创新利用(23YFFA0024);国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34);国家自然科学基金(31660684)资助。

摘　　要：测定10份不同生境来源野生披碱草属(Elymus L.)种质24个表型性状,探究其表型性状的遗传变异规律,为西北干旱区优异种质材料的选育提供理论依据。结果表明:供试材料表型性状的遗传多样性指数介于1.17~1.89,其中种子长、株高和千粒重的遗传多样性指数较大,分别为1.89,1.83和1.75。24个表型性状的变异系数介于5.23%~51.98%,整体表现为茎叶部性状变异大于穗部和种子性状。相关性分析表明,表型性状与经度有一定的相关性,其中茎粗、穗下茎长、小穗长、种子长和千粒重受显著影响(P<0.05)。通过聚类分析,将10份材料划分为4大类,其中第Ⅰ、Ⅲ类群表现一般,可作为一般种质保存;第Ⅱ类群作为饲草育种材料保存,第Ⅳ类群作为抗倒伏和生产种子材料保存。利用主成分综合分析发现,E8,E7,E6和E5四份种质在甘肃河西地区综合表现优良,可进一步引种驯化。Twenty-four phenotypic traits of 10 wild Elymus germplasm resources from different habitat sources were determined to investigate the genetic variation patterns,and provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of excellent germplasm materials in the arid region of Northwest China.The results showed that the genetic diversity indices of the phenotypic traits of the Elymus germplasm resources ranged from 1.17 to 1.89,among which the genetic diversity indices of seed length,plant height and thousand-seed weight were larger,they were 1.89,1.83 and 1.75,respectively.The coefficients of variation for the 24 phenotypic traits ranged from 5.23%to 51.98%,with the overall expression of greater variation in stem and leaf traits than in spike and seed traits.Correlation analysis showed that phenotypic traits were correlated with longitude,while stem diameter,length under spike,spikelet length,seed length and thousand kernel weight were significantly affected(P<0.05).Through cluster analysis,the 10 materials were classified into four major groups,amnog them groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ performed generally and could be preserved as general germplasm.Group Ⅱ was preserved as material for forage breeding,and Group Ⅳ was preserved as material for lodging resistance and seed production.Using the principal component analysis,it was found that four germplasm,of E8,E7,E6 and E5 had excellent performance in the Hexi region of Gansu and could be further introduced for domestication.

关 键 词：披碱草属 表型性状 遗传多样性 种质资源 

分 类 号：S330.25[农业科学—作物遗传育种]