深圳市某街道印刷行业噪声危害调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of the noise hazard in the printing industry in a sub-district of Shenzhen City

作　　者：陈浩[1] 李志明 崔鹂[1] 余锦林 陈楚哲 刘燕 田想 王劲 李燕 卢锦意 CHEN Hao;LI Zhiming;CUI Li;YU Jinlin;CHEN Chuzhe;LIU Yan;TIAN Xiang;WANG Jin;LI Yan;LU Jinyi(Shenzhen Longgang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518172,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518172 [2]深圳市龙岗区平湖公共卫生服务中心 [3]南方医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2024年第4期593-595,599,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20210324133013038)。

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市某街道印刷行业噪声危害的基本情况,为有效防控噪声危害提供科学依据。方法将深圳市某街道登记在册的200家印刷企业按员工数分为大、中、小、微型4种规模,采用分层随机抽样的方法选取60家企业作为调查对象。运用SPSS 20.0软件进行流行病学特征分析。结果60家印刷企业中有96.7%的印刷企业存在噪声岗位;在采集的445个噪声样本中,噪声岗位占69.0%,噪声超标岗位占25.2%。各岗位企业超标率、噪声作业率、噪声超标率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);印刷岗位超标情况与企业生产负荷大小比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.14,P<0.05)。结论深圳市某街道印刷企业噪声超标率较高,需引起重视。在印刷行业实施“听力保护计划”的同时,还应综合考虑噪声与有机溶剂等危害因素,避免工人超时工作,并通过加强宣传教育提高工人自我保护意识,有效降低噪声对其健康的危害。Objective To understand the basic situation of noise hazards in a street printing industry in Shenzhen,and to provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control of noise hazards.Methods According to the number of employees,200 printing enterprises registered in a street in Shenzhen were divided into four scales:large,medium,small and micro.60 enterprises were selected as survey objects by stratified random sampling.SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics.Results 96.7%of the 60 printing companies had noise related positions,among the 445 noise samples collected,69.0%were noisy positions and 25.2%were from positions with excessive noise.There were statistically significant differences in the over-standard rate,noise operation rate and noise over-standard rate among all posts(P<0.05).There was a correlation between the exceedance of the printing position and the production load of enterprises(χ^(2)=4.14,P<0.05).Conclusion The noise rate of a street printing enterprise in Shenzhen is high,which needs to be taken seriously.While implementing the“hearing protection plan”in the printing industry,hazardous factors such as noise and organic solvents should also be comprehensively considered,it is necessary to avoid workers working overtime,and improve their self-protection awareness by strengthening publicity and education,effectively reducing the harm of noise to their health.

关 键 词：噪声 职业病危害 印刷行业 危害现状 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]