立体错位水培生菜自动收获装置设计与试验  

Design and experiment of automatic harvesting device for hydroponic lettuce with three‑dimensional dislocation

作　　者：席志君 龚康鑫 贾冬冬 郭文忠 Xi Zhijun;Gong Kangxin;Jia Dongdong;Guo Wenzhong(College of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,212000,China;Intelligent Equipment Technology Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing,100097,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学农业工程学院,江苏镇江212000 [2]北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心,北京市100097

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2024年第9期34-41,76,共9页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大(重点)项目(2019BBF02010);农业物联网技术北京市工程实验室(PT2023—29)。

摘　　要：立体错位栽培架系统可以提高单位面积栽培株数,是一种新型的栽培系统,定植杯模式是该系统种植生菜的主要栽培方式。在水培生菜栽培过程中,存在着人工收获效率低,劳动强度高等问题,通过设计一种定植杯种植模式下的生菜自动收获装置,结合实际生产环节无人化作业方式,利用SolidWorks对收获装置关键部件进行设计;使用ANSYS对收获装置中生菜采收机构进行模态分析,对定植杯夹持手爪和生菜夹持手进行有限元分析,优化结构,完善设计;最后进行剪切试验,得出结论:当滑切角度为20°、切割气压为0.3 MPa、切割位置为生菜底叶4 mm处时,生菜根茎剪切力达到最小值6.31 N,用于指导切茎部件设计。The system of three‑dimensional staggered cultivation frame can increase the number of cultivated plants per unit area,which is a new type of cultivation system.The planting cup mode is the main cultivation mode of lettuce in the three‑dimensional staggered cultivation frame system.In the process of hydroponic lettuce cultivation,there are problems such as low manual harvesting efficiency and high labor intensity.Through designing an automatic lettuce harvesting device under the fixed cup planting mode,combining with the unmanned operation mode of the actual production link,the key components of the harvesting device are designed by using SolidWorks.The mode analysis of the lettuce harvesting mechanism in the harvesting device was carried out by using ANSYS,and the finite element analysis of the planting cup gripper and the lettuce gripper was carried out to optimize the structure and improve the design.Finally,the shear test was carried out,and the conclusion was drawn that when the sliding cutting angle was 20°,the cutting pressure was 0.3 MPa,and the cutting position was 4 mm from the bottom leaf of lettuce,the cutting force of lettuce rhizome reached the minimum value of 6.31 N,which was used to guide the design of stem cutting parts.

关 键 词：定植杯 奶油生菜 收获装置 切割力 收获试验 

分 类 号：S225.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]