ArcGIS在露天矿山土石方量测算中的应用  

Application of ArcGIS in the Measurement of Earth and Rock Volume in Open-pit Mine

作　　者：尹江权 Yin Jiangquan(Beijing Hanbolin Remote Sensing Mapping Information Engineering Research Institute,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京瀚博林遥感测图信息工程研究院,北京100000

出　　处：《黑龙江科学》2024年第16期102-105,共4页Heilongjiang Science

摘　　要：露天矿山生态治理修复普遍采用台阶爆破削坡复绿技术,传统土石方量测算方法难以适应高陡边坡复杂的地形环境。为快速准确获取露天矿山生态治理土石方填挖量,采用无人机倾斜摄影测量方法快速获取矿区高精度、高密度点云数据,利用ArcGIS软件对点云数据和规划设计数据进行处理,构建TIN模型并转化为栅格模型,采用3DAnalyst中的CutFill工具进行土石方填挖量计算,将测算成果进行多形式可视化表达,数据成果准确可靠。采用基于CASS软件的DTM法对矿山生态治理土石方填挖量进行计算,在露天矿山复杂地形环境及高程点密集程度等因素的影响下,DTM法测算成果误差较大,作业效率和测算精度均远低于ArcGIS测算方法,说明采用倾斜摄影测量和ArcGIS软件相结合的技术方法进行露天矿山生态治理土石方填挖量测算速度快、精度高、数据成果可视化,能够为露天矿山生态恢复提供精确的土石方填挖量数据成果。The technology of step blasting,slope cutting and green restoration is generally adopted in the ecological treatment and restoration of open-pit mines,and the traditional method of earth and rock volume measurement is difficult to adapt to the complex terrain environment of high and steep slopes.In order to quickly and accurately obtain the amount of earth and rock volume for ecological treatment of open-pit mines,the study adopts the tilt photogrammetry method of unmanned aerial vehicle to quickly obtain high-precision and high-density point cloud data in mining areas.ArcGIS software is used to process point cloud data and planning and design data,build TIN model,and convert it into raster model;CutFill tool in 3DAnalyst is used to calculate the amount of earth-rock fill and excavation;and the calculated results are visualized in multiple forms.The data results are accurate and reliable.At the same time,DTM method based on CASS software is used to calculate the amount of earth and rock excavation for mine ecological treatment.Under the influencing factors,such as complex terrain environment and elevation point density of open-pit mine,the error of DTM method is poor,and the working efficiency and measurement accuracy are much lower than ArcGIS method.Therefore,it is shown that the technical method combined with oblique photogrammetry and ArcGIS software is fast,with high precision and visualization of data results,which can provide accurate data results of earth-rock filling and excavation for ecological restoration of open-pit mines.

关 键 词：露天矿山 ARCGIS 土石方量 不规则三角网 数字地面模型 

分 类 号：TU853[建筑科学]