一次东南大风天气下近地面风场结构及航空影响分析  

Analysis of Near-surface Layer Wind Field Structure and Aviation Influence during a Southeast Gale

作　　者：陈阳权 朱雯娜 尹才虎 张云惠 CHEN Yangquan;ZHU Wenna;YIN Caihu;ZHANG Yunhui(Meteorological Center of Xinjiang Air Traffic Management Bureau,Urumqi 830016,China;Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]民航新疆空中交通管理局气象中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830016 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2024年第4期8-14,共7页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk1003);民航新疆空中交通管理局科技项目。

摘　　要：针对2023年4月7日夜间乌鲁木齐机场一次东南大风过程中13架航班复飞事件,利用跑道自动观测、激光测风雷达等资料,对东南大风天气下近地面风场的细微结构进行分析,探究了大风时段飞机在低空复飞的气象原因,结果表明:此次东南大风为较典型的锋前减压型,期间在机场范围低空风速具有“西强东弱”及显著的不均匀性,在进港高峰期的R07跑道五边下滑道上出现强侧风、中度及以上的风切变,使飞机在着陆过程中操纵困难,导致多架飞机复飞。激光雷达侧风及水平风的垂直分布,能细致反映跑道上低空侧风、风切变随高度和时间的变化特点,前30 min风切变告警累积频次的迅速增多、维持和峰值时段,与航班复飞时段有较好的对应。Based on the data of automatic runway observation and laser wind sensor,the fine structure of the near-ground wind field under a southeast gale at Urumqi Airport on the night of April 7,2023 was analyzed to explore the meteorological reasons for 13 flights to go around in low altitude during the gale period.The results show that the southeast gale was a typical front decompression type.During its duration,the low-altitude wind speed in the airport had the characteristics of"strong in the west and weak in the east"and significant inhomogeneity.During the peak time of the arrival,there were strong crosswinds and moderate or above wind shear on the five-side runway R07,which made the aircraft difficult to handle during the landing process and caused many aircraft to return to flight.The vertical distribution of lidar crosswind and horizontal wind can reflect the characteristics of lowlevel crosswind and wind shear on the runway with height and time in detail.The rapid increase,maintenance and peak time of the cumulative frequency of wind shear warning in the first 30 minutes corresponded well with the flight return time.

关 键 词：乌鲁木齐机场 东南大风 飞机复飞 激光测风雷达 侧风及风切变 

分 类 号：P425.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]