地采扰动下露天坑地表岩移特征及废石充填方案研究  

Surface Rock Displacement Characteristics and Waste Rock Backfill Scheme of Open Pit under the Underground Mining Disturbance

作　　者：韩岩松 张晶 周宗红[1] 刘银 HAN Yansong;ZHANG Jing;ZHOU Zonghong;LIU Yin(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China;Heqing Beiya Mining Co.,Ltd.,Dali 671507,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明654093 [2]鹤庆北衙矿业有限公司,云南大理671507

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2024年第4期85-92,共8页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51864023,52264019);云南省重大科技专项(202202AG050014);云南省基础研究计划项目青年项目(202401AU070175)。

摘　　要：无底柱分段崩落法常应用于黑色金属露天转地下矿山,该方法易引起露天采场边坡失稳,影响矿区周边建(构)筑物的安全。以地表斜坡坡度较陡且地形切割强烈的李家河铁矿为研究对象,依据地表航拍点云数据和生产平面图建立精细的数值模型,采用数值模拟研究地下持续开采扰动作用下的露天坑地表岩移特征,并结合地势、植被、农作物和公路等因素,对比优选合理可行的地表废石充填方案。结果显示,随着矿体逐步向深部开采,受地形和矿体分布影响,Ⅰ号矿坑呈现局部零星破坏,Ⅱ号矿坑以东北侧区域破坏为主,Ⅰ号矿坑地表沉降变化范围小于Ⅱ号矿坑,最终优选出从侧壁向中间靠拢再向北侧推进的地表废石充填方案。The non−pillar sublevel caving method is often used in the black metal mines with open−pit to underground,which can easily cause instability of open−pit slopes and threaten the safety of surrounding buildings in the mining area.Taking the Lijiahe Iron Mine with steep surface slopes and strong terrain cutting as the research object,a detailed numerical model was constructed based on the surface aerial point cloud data and the production plans.The numerical simulation was used to study the surface rock movement characteristics of open−pit pits under the action of continuous underground mining disturbance.In combination with the factors such as terrain,vegetation,crops,and roads,a feasible surface waste rock filling scheme was compared and selected.The results showed that the No.1 mine pit showed local sporadic damage,while the No.2 mine pit was mainly damaged in the north−eastern area under the deep mining and the terrain and distribution of the ore body.The overall surface subsidence stability of the No.1 mine pit was better than that of the No.2 mine pit.Finally,a surface waste rock filling scheme was selected that moves from the sidewall to the centre and then northwards.

关 键 词：无底柱分段崩落法 露天转地下 地表岩移 数值模拟 废石充填 

分 类 号：TD824[矿业工程—煤矿开采] TD853.34[矿业工程—矿山开采]