黄河三角洲湿地柽柳周边土壤的水盐耦合关系  

Tamarix chinensis on soil water and salt and its coupling relationship in the Yellow River Delta wetland

作　　者：曹嘉欣 陈永金[1] 朱海勇[3] 李佳欣 王续廷 徐梦辰 刘加珍[1] CAO Jiaxin;CHEN Yongjin;ZHU Haiyong;LI Jiaxin;WANG Xuting;XU Mengchen;LIU Jiazhen(School of Geography and Environment,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252059,China;Jinan Environmental Research Institute,Jinan 250100,China;Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学地理与环境学院,山东聊城252059 [2]济南市环境研究院,济南250100 [3]青岛理工大学,青岛266520

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技（中英文）》2024年第4期774-787,共14页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC15B02,K23LD100,321021916,CXCY2022165)。

摘　　要：为揭示滨海湿地植物对土壤水盐的影响机制,以黄河三角洲湿地柽柳(Tamarix chinensis Lour.)周边土壤水、盐为研究对象,分析柽柳周边土壤水盐相互影响的耦合关系。结果表明:距柽柳远近不同,土壤含水率的差异明显不同,冠下表层土壤含水率明显大于冠缘和裸地,呈现由冠下至裸地逐渐减小的趋势,尤其是柽柳西、南两侧的变化趋势最为明显;20 cm土层以上水分聚集率为冠下大于冠缘,呈现明显的“水岛”效应,而20 cm以下水分聚集率的变化则相反;土壤盐分表聚性显著,远离柽柳的裸地表层土壤含盐量较高,西、南两侧最为明显;土壤总盐与Cl^(-)、Na^(+)、Mg^(2+)3种离子相关性极显著,这些离子在近柽柳周围土壤的变化幅度及含量均较小,盐分富集率明显为冠下小于冠缘,呈现“盐谷”效应;土壤水盐耦合度在柽柳周边表现为西侧>南侧>北侧>东侧,水、盐呈显著负相关;西、南两侧较高的土壤含盐量出现在低含水率的条件下,呈现高含盐量+低含水率为高耦合度的特征,这种高耦合度情况还出现在柽柳周边的表层土壤与远离柽柳的裸地。在柽柳的影响下,水盐耦合度呈现距柽柳由近及远逐步增大、随着土层深度的增加而逐渐减小的趋势。The Yellow River Delta,the most comprehensive and youngest coastal wetland in China,exhibited the dual characteristics of abundant resources and fragile ecological environment.The severe soil salinization and halophytes play a critical role in salinization control.Tamarix chinensis was a typical halophyte adjusting water salt balance.So,the aim of this paper was revealing the mechanisms of plants impact on soil water and salt in coastal wetlands and providing scientific reference for the protection and restoration of coastal wetlands.The study focused on soil water and salt around Tamarix chinensis Lour in the Yellow River Delta wetland.The sample collection location was selected on the buffer zone on the south side of the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve,which were the Tamarix communities with minimal human interference.A relatively independent tamarisk shrub with vigorous growth was selected in the community.Four sets of soil profiles were successively taken from north,south,east and west,each set consists of 4 soil profiles which were able to represent the status of the soil distancing 50 cm,100 cm,150 cm,and 200 cm from the root of the shrub.Each soil profile was layered in layers of 0-5 cm,5-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-40 cm and beneath 40 cm of the ground water level visible.the eight major ions(Cl^(−)、K^(+)、Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+))and moisture content in the soil were monitored.To reveal the influenced mechanism of coastal wetland plants on soil water and salt,the spatiotemporal characteristics and coupling relationship of soil water and salt around the habitat of Tamarix shrub in the Yellow River Delta were analyzed.The results showed that:The soil moisture content under the plant crown was significantly higher than that of the edge of plant crown and the bare ground and showed a trend of gradual decreasing from main stem of the Tamarix to far away.The water aggregating rate showed a clear“water island” pattern, in the soil layer above 20 cm, the accumulation rate under the plant crown was significant

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 柽柳 水盐分析 空间变化 耦合关系 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]