智能激光技术在纸质档案修复中的机理研究与应用译介  

Translation and Introduction:Interpretation on the Mechanism and Application of Intelligent Laser Technologies in Paper-based Archives Restoration

作　　者：谢华斌[1] 邵炜霖 程雅辉 XIE Huabin;SHAO Weilin;CHENG Yahui(Xiamen University Archives,Xiamen 361005;School of Electronic Science and Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005;Luoyang Municipal Institute of Archaeology,Luoyang 471000)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学档案馆,厦门361005 [2]厦门大学电子科学与技术学院,厦门361005 [3]洛阳市考古研究院,洛阳471000

出　　处：《档案学研究》2024年第4期128-134,共7页Archives Science Study

基　　金：福建省社会科学基金项目“闽侨文献类文化遗产价值嬗变与法律保护研究”(FJ2024B042);厦门大学龙岩产教融合研究院专项项目“计算机人工智能技术辅助闽西地区书画文物与档案文献保护修复研究”(2022ZG032);闽都基金项目“基于瓦级飞秒激光的文物清洗机理探索”的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：传统纸质档案修复存在一些技术瓶颈,无论利用物理方法(诸如刀刮)还是化学方法(诸如漂白)处理纸质档案的墨渍、霉菌及其他污染类型,均会对纸张纤维结构造成不同程度的损伤。针对上述技术瓶颈,本文综述了近三十年来激光技术用于纸质档案清洗修复的实例,分析了激光清洗多种类型污染物的作用机制,提出利用智能激光技术修复纸质档案的新思路,即基于激光作用于纸张纤维的“烧蚀冷却”原理,利用智能控制平台对拟清洗位置精准定位,在此基础上针对不同污染物灵活调控激光器的波长、功率、偏振等参数,最终实现纸张纤维无损高效清洗的修复目标。These are some bottlenecks in traditional restoration of paper archives,either physical means(e.g.scraping)or chemical means(e.g.bleaching)to treat paper archives contaminated with ink or fungi or other stains can cause varying degrees of damage to the fiber structure.In response to these bottlenecks in restoration,this paper reviews the cleaning and restoration of paper archives by laser technology over the past 30 years,summarizing the mechanism of laser action with various types of contaminants,and proposing a new idea of using intelligent laser technology to restore paper archives:Based on the principle of laser"ablation cooling"of paper fibers,the laser can be positioned precisely at the cleaning location by an intelligent control platform.The wavelength,power and polarization of the laser can be f lexibly adjusted for different types of contaminants to achieve non-destructive and efficient cleaning and restoration of paper archives.

关 键 词：纸质档案 激光清洗 墨渍 真菌 狐斑 

分 类 号：G272.4[文化科学—档案学]