云南家鼠鼠疫疫源地室内地面游离蚤丰盛度影响因素  

Influencing factors for the abundance of floor fleas from households of the commensal rodent plague foci in Yunnan Province

作　　者：陈艳 罗云燕 伏蓉 郭双玲 何萍 刘平果 罗依 尹家祥 CHEN Yan;LUO Yunyan;FU Rong;GUO Shuangling;HE Ping;LIU Pingguo;LUO Yi;YIN Jiaxiang(School of Public health,Dali University,Dali,Yunnan 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学公共卫生学院,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2024年第8期972-977,共6页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81860565);云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”项目(No.YNWR-MY-2019-008);云南省高校自然疫源性疾病流行病学科技创新团队(No.云教发[2020]102号)。

摘　　要：目的分析云南省家鼠鼠疫疫源地室内地面游离蚤丰盛度的影响因素。方法选取云南省芒市、梁河县、弥勒市3个家鼠鼠疫疫源地16个自然村320户家庭,采用水盘法捕获地面游离蚤,在室内每户布放10个水盘,连续布放2夜。采用自制问卷收集室内地面游离蚤丰盛度的潜在影响因素。在R4.3.0软件下,采用跨栏Poisson回归模型分析影响室内地面游离蚤丰盛度的因素。结果320户家庭2夜共布放水盘6400盘/夜,44户捕获地面游离蚤,感染率为13.75%(44/320),捕获地面游离蚤136只,蚤指数为0.021(136/6400),优势蚤种为猫栉首蚤指名亚种,占61.76%(84/136),印鼠客蚤和人蚤各占19.12%(26/136)。经多因素跨栏Poisson回归分析,其他地面类型、垃圾倒在户外、养猫、有鼠类和蚤类活动痕迹的家庭,室内地面游离蚤捕获概率分别是相应参考组的4.39、3.16、3.09、3.08和2.29倍,傣族家庭室内地面游离蚤捕获概率是汉族家庭的0.30倍;弥勒市、傣族、养鸡和周围有房屋的家庭,室内地面游离蚤捕获数量分别是相应参考组的3.84、2.95、7.58和5.37倍,外出务工、其它地面类型、有灭鼠行为的家庭,室内地面游离蚤捕获数量分别是相应参考组的0.32倍、0.45倍和0.28倍。结论云南家鼠鼠疫疫源地室内地面游离蚤丰盛度受家庭基本情况、室内外环境因素和人为干扰因素的影响,为避免蚤传疾病传播给人,需要采取综合性措施降低室内地面游离蚤的丰盛度。Objective To analyze the factors influencing the abundance of floor fleas from households of the commensal rodent plague foci in Yunnan Province.Methods A total of 320 households in 16 natural villages in the commensal plague natural foci were selected from Mangshi City,Lianghe County,and Mile City in Yunnan Province.Floor fleas were collected using the water-containing plate method,with 10 pans placed per household for two consecutive nights.The potential factors influencing the abundance of floor fleas in households were collected through a self-made questionnaire.A hurdle Poisson regression model under R4.3.0 was performed to analyze the factors influencing the abundance of floor fleas in households.Results A total of 6400 plates were placed per night in 320 households,with 44 households capturing floor fleas,resulting in an infestation rate of 13.75%(44/320).A total of 136 floor fleas were collected in water pans,with a floor fleas index of 0.021(136/6400).Ctenocephalides felis felis was the dominant flea species,accounting for 61.76%(84/136),followed by Xenopsylla cheopis and Pulex irritans,each accounting for 19.12%(26/136).The multivariate hurdle Poisson regression model of the abundance of floor fleas showed that the probabilities of capturing floor fleas in households with other houses ground structure,garbage dumping outdoors,raising cat,rodent's activities,and fleas activities were 4.39,3.16,3.09,3.08,and 2.29 times higher than the corresponding reference groups.The probability of capturing floor fleas in households with the Dai ethnic group was 0.30 of that in the Han ethnic group.The number of captured floor fleas in households in Mile City,of the Dai ethnicity,with chickens,and surrounded by other houses were 3.84,2.95,7.58,and 5.37 times higher than the corresponding reference group,while the number of captured floor fleas in households with migrant workers,other ground structure,and rodent eradication behavior were 0.32,0.45,and 0.28 of the corresponding reference group.Conclusions The abundance o

关 键 词：地面游离蚤 丰盛度 跨栏Poisson回归模型 影响因素 家鼠鼠疫疫源地 

分 类 号：R515.8[医药卫生—内科学]