最低工资标准上涨与技能偏向性技术进步——基于资本技能互补和技能投资内生化假说  

The Rise of Minimum Wage Standards and Skill-biased Technical Change:Based on the Hypotheses of Capital-Skill Complementarity and Endogenous Skill Investment

作　　者：沈春苗 曾红丽 郑江淮[2] Shen Chunmiao;Zeng Hongli;Zheng Jianghuai(School of Business,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Economics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学商学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京大学经济学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《财经研究》2024年第5期124-138,共15页Journal of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72373072);国家自然科学基金青年项目(71903096);江苏省社科基金一般项目(23EYB012);国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD093)。

摘　　要：技能偏向性技术进步(SBTC)是创新型经济发展的基本动力。文章把最低工资标准上涨引致的短期内技能溢价下降纳入包含非中性技术进步的一般均衡增长模型,基于资本技能互补和技能投资内生化假说,从微观层面揭示了最低工资标准上涨促进SBTC的作用机理。在手动收集2003—2020年280个地级市最低工资标准并对地级市SBTC进行合理估算的基础上,利用地级市面板数据对理论假说进行了实证检验。结果表明,最低工资标准上涨显著促进了地级市SBTC的发展;最低工资标准上涨通过资本深化和消费升级两个机制合力促进了技术进步的技能偏向水平;最低工资标准上涨的SBTC促进效应存在显著的地区异质性特征。文章的研究对充分理解中国劳动力市场变化所产生的深远影响、劳动力市场规制的政策效应及实体经济转型发展具有重要启示。Skill-biased technical change(SBTC)is the fundamental driving force for the development of an innovative economy.Unlike the rapid development and widespread diffusion of SBTC across various industries in developed countries,the overall development of SBTC in China has been relatively slow.Under the impact of the market mechanism,the occurrence and development of SBTC is an endogenous decision-making process driven by changes in the relative wage level of skill premiums,which leads to spontaneous adjustments in corporate investment and individual educational decisions.The changing trend of skill premiums is the result of the combined effect of supply and demand relations and regulatory policies in labor market.Existing literature has primarily conducted extensive research on the cause and mechanism of the bias in technical change,but there is limited literature on how labor market regulations,especially the minimum wage system,affect the bias in technical change through skill premiums.This paper,based on the hypotheses of capital-skill complementarity and endogenous skill investment,incorporates the short-term decline in skill premiums caused by the rise of minimum wage standards into a general equilibrium growth model including non-neutral technical change,explores the micro mechanism by which the rise of minimum wage standards exerts an impact on SBTC,and then uses the manually collected data of minimum wage standards and reasonable measurement for SBTC of 280 prefecture-level cities from 2003 to 2020 to conduct empirical tests.The results show that the rise of minimum wage standards significantly promotes the development of SBTC,and this effect is mainly through the mechanism of capital deepening and consumption upgrading and has significant regional heterogeneity characteristics.This paper has the following important policy implications:First,a sound mechanism for adjusting minimum wage standards should be established to fully unleash the positive effect on the development of SBTC.Second,increasing supports fo

关 键 词：最低工资标准 SBTC 资本技能互补 资本深化 消费升级 

分 类 号：F062.4[经济管理—政治经济学] F244.2