地震正演在深水沉积地层研究中的应用  

Application of Seismic Forward Modeling in the Study of Deep-water Sedimentary Formation

作　　者：沈向存[1] 范伟峰[1] 姜忠正[1] 罗少辉[1] 郭伟 万力 Shen Xiangcun;Fan Weifeng;Jiang Zhongzheng;Luo Shaohui;Guo Wei;Wan Li(Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Company,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;CNPC Greatwall Drilling Company,Panjin,Liaoning 124010,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;The University of Queensland,Queensland 4072,Australia)

机构地区：[1]中国石化西北油田分公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国石油长城钻探工程有限公司,辽宁盘锦124010 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [4]澳大利亚昆士兰大学,昆士兰4072

出　　处：《特种油气藏》2024年第4期36-43,共8页Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs

基　　金：中国石化科研项目“塔里木盆地陆相天然气富集规律与目标优选”(P20063-3)。

摘　　要：为提升深水沉积地层的地震解释精度和地震数据信息提取能力,通过对带有峡谷的陆坡沉积进行地震正演,分析了浊流和块体搬运主控的沟谷、水道、峡谷的地震反射特征,并在此基础上对水道天然堤复合体进行精细正演。综合分析认为:块体搬运主控沟谷宽深比小且为对称充填状,内部主要为杂乱弱振幅反射;而浊流主控峡谷宽深比大,内部为波状强振幅反射;地层顶底界面夹角越小,真实尖灭点与地震反射尖灭点间的误差越大;水道天然堤复合体厚度变小使得地震反射频率降低,振幅增强;水道饱含水时的振幅强于饱含气时的振幅。由此进一步明确了不同形态属性特征下多类型深水沉积体的地震响应特征,可以有效提高深水沉积地层地震资料综合解释精度。To improve the seismic interpretation accuracy and seismic data information extraction capacity of deep-water sedimentary formation,seismic forward modeling was conducted on the slope deposits with canyons.The seismic reflection characteristics of cleuch,channels and canyons dominated by turbidity flow and block transposition are analyzed.The fine forward modeling of the natural levee complex of channels is carried out.The comprehensive analysis suggests that the width-depth ratio of the cleuch dominated by block transport is low and symmetrically filled,and the interior is mainly chaotic weak amplitude reflections.While the canyons dominated by turbidity flow has a large width and depth,the interior of which is an undulating high amplitude reflections;the smaller the angle between the top and bottom interfaces of the formation,the greater the error between the true pinch-out point and the seismic reflection pinch-out point;the decrease in thickness of the natural levee complex of channels results in a lower seismic reflection frequency and enhanced amplitude;the amplitude of the channel when it is saturated with water is stronger than that when it is saturated with gas.Hence the seismic response characteristics of multi-type deep-water sedimentary bodies with different morphological attributes are further clarified,which can effectively improve the accuracy of comprehensive interpretation of seismic data in deep-water sedimentary formations.

关 键 词：深水沉积地层 沟谷 水道天然堤复合体 地震正演 地震解释 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]