基于仿生控冰材料的生物安全冷冻保存策略  

Biosafety cryopreservation strategies based on bionic ice-control materials

作　　者：王凌琪 刘樟 王健君 WANG Lingqi;LIU Zhang;WANG Jianjun(Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101407,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京101407

出　　处：《石油化工》2024年第8期1205-1217,共13页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(T2293760);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(51929307)。

摘　　要：冷冻保存技术是维持细胞、组织和器官活性的重要手段,实现安全有效的冷冻保存会为生物科学和临床医学研究带来历史性的变革。传统的小分子冷冻保护剂(如二甲基亚砜(DMSO))在冷冻保存过程中发挥着重要作用,但它在分子、亚细胞、细胞以及组织器官和个体层面的结构破坏作用和生物毒性,使其在冷冻保存中的应用受到很大的局限。探讨并总结了DMSO的毒性以及当前研究者在冷冻保存领域中努力探索的新型控冰材料,特别是受自然界极端环境中耐寒生物的启发而创制的一系列具有良好生物相容性的仿生控冰材料,概述了控冰材料的发展历程,分析了仿生控冰材料等新型控冰材料在生物样本冷冻保存中的优势、挑战,并展望了未来的发展趋势。As cryopreservation technology is a vital means of maintaining the viability of cells,tissues,and organs,the realization of safe and effective cryopreservation will bring about a historic change in bioscience and clinical medical research.Traditional small-molecule cryoprotectants,such as dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO),play an important role in cryopreservation.However,their structural disruption and biotoxicity at the molecular,subcellular,cellular,as well as tissue,organ,and individual levels have greatly limited their application in cryopreservation.This study discussed and summarized the toxicity of DMSO and the novel ice-control materials.Current researchers are trying to explore those materials in the field of cryopreservation,especially a series of bionic ice-control materials with good biocompatibility inspired by cold-resistant organisms in extreme environments in nature.The development of the ice-control materials was outlined.The advantages and challenges of the novel ice-control materials were analyzed,such as the bionic ice-control materials,in the cryopreservation of biological samples.Meanwhile,the study looked forward to the future development trend.

关 键 词：冷冻保存 二甲基亚砜 生物相容性 冰结合蛋白 仿生控冰材料 冷冻保护剂 

分 类 号：O6[理学—化学]