中口径多环境枪弹致伤效应研究  

A study on injury effect of medium-caliber multi-environment bullets

作　　者：刘坤[1] 王艺霏 康宝 刘亚雷 宋杰[1] 李忠新[1] 吴志林[1] LIU Kun;WANG Yifei;KANG Bao;LIU Yalei;SONG Jie;LI Zhongxin;WU Zhilin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;China Wuzhou Engineering Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100053,China;Unit 63856 of People’s Liberation Army,Baicheng 137001,Jilin,China;Chinese People’s Armed Police Force Coast Guard Academy,Ningbo 315801,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]中国五洲工程设计集团有限公司,北京100053 [3]中国人民解放军63856部队,吉林白城137001 [4]中国人民武装警察部队海警学院,浙江宁波315801

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2024年第8期82-93,共12页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12172180,11602025);武警部队基金(WJ-2022-WJ2020A020040)。

摘　　要：为探究跨介质枪弹的致伤威力,选用明胶为人体模拟靶标,借助LS-DYNA软件对设计的7.62 mm多环境枪弹侵彻模拟靶标过程进行了数值模拟,分析了弹头的运动规律和靶标空腔的变化特性,通过三自由度刚体运动模型,获得了弹头运动的理论曲线。采用多参数同步测量技术,开展了枪弹侵彻靶标实验。结果表明,数值模拟与实验现象一致,较好地再现了多环境枪弹侵彻靶标的过程和致伤效果。理论模型与实验结果误差较小,能准确预测枪弹在靶标中的运动规律。空化槽结构提高了枪弹跨介质运动的稳定性,相较传统的56式7.62 mm普通弹,多环境枪弹在靶标中稳定飞行时间长、距离远、速度衰减慢,翻滚阶段出靶角度小,最大空腔、永久空腔和能量传递效率基本一致,具有一定的致伤效果。研究成果可为新型轻武器弹药优化设计提供数据支撑。To investigate the wound effectiveness of cross-medium bullets,gelatin is chosen as a simulated human target.The numerical simulation of the penetration process of the designed 7.62 mm multi-environment bullet into the simulated target is conducted using LS-DYNA software.The motion of the bullet and the changes in the target cavity are analyzed.By utilizing a three-degree-of-freedom rigid body motion model,the theoretical variations of bullet motion are obtained.In the same time,the penetration experiment was carried out by using multi-parameter synchronous measurement techniques.The results show that the numerical simulation agrees well with the experimental observations,effectively reproducing the penetration process and the wound effects of the multi-environment bullet.The theoretical model exhibits small errors compared to the experimental results but accurately predicts the motion characteristics of the bullet in the target.By employing a cavity structure,the stability of the bullet's motion across different media is improved.Compared to the traditional 56-type 7.62 mm rifle bullet,the designed bullet demonstrates longer stable flight time,greater distance,slower velocity decay,smaller deflection angle during tumbling phase,and comparable maximum cavity,permanent cavity,and energy transfer efficiency.It also exhibits a certain killing effect on the target.The research findings enrich the design theory of bullets and provide data support for the optimization design of new lightweight ammunition.

关 键 词：多环境 枪弹 致伤效应 明胶 空腔 

分 类 号：O385[理学—流体力学]