水平井定向喷砂射孔工具设计与动力学分析  

Design and dynamic analysis of directional hydraulic sand jet perforation tool for horizontal wells

作　　者：周卫东[1] 李罗鹏[1] ZHOU Weidong;LI Luopeng(School of Petroleum Engineering in China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期109-114,共6页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51874342)。

摘　　要：基于水力喷砂射孔技术,结合重力定向原理,设计水平井定向喷砂射孔工具,动力学分析与地面验证试验表明喷枪轴线与井筒轴线存在偏心时能够可靠定向,建立定向偏角与喷枪偏转动力矩、过盈配合阻力矩、液柱压力导致的密封件阻力矩以及轴承旋转阻力矩之间的力学模型。结果表明:偏心距与喷枪自重是提升定向精度的关键因素,而密封件与转轴之间的过盈配合是阻碍定向的关键因素;设计条件下其最大阻力矩占比可达68.4%,地面射孔试验的孔眼与基准位置的偏离角度为2°~4°,喷枪定向效果良好;变更射孔位置时无论拖动还是转动,喷枪均都能够自如地回到初始位置,且打压后喷枪稳定性较好,不存在无序转动、摆动现象。A directional hydraulic sand jet perforation tool was designed for horizontal wells based on hydraulic sand jet perforation technique and gravity orientation principle.Dynamic analysis and surface experiments indicate that,when the axis of the spray gun is eccentric to the axis of the wellbore,the tool can be reliably oriented.A mechanical model was established for the directional deflection angle with the influence of spray gun deflection moment,interference fit resistance moment,seal resistance moment caused by liquid column pressure,bearing rotation resistance moment.The results show that the eccentricity and the gun weight are the key factors to improve the directional accuracy.Interference fit between seal and rotating shaft is the key factor to hinder orientation.At a certain design condition,the maximum resistance moment is accounted for 68.4%,and the deviation angle between the hole and the reference position is 2°-4°in the surface perforation experiment,which indicate that the directional function of the spray gun is satisfactory.When the position of perforation is changed,the gun can be automatically moved back to its original position whether by drag or rotation.The spray gun can still maintain good stability after pressure spray,and there is no phenomenon of disorderly rotation and oscillation.

关 键 词：水力喷砂射孔 定向射孔 重力定向 力学模型 

分 类 号：TE21[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]