正名实责:民事检察和解的定位与实施  

Functional Attribute and Operation Method of Civil Procuratorial Reconciliation

作　　者：胡思博[1,2] HU Sibo

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学诉讼法学研究院 [2]最高人民检察院与中国政法大学共建检察基础理论研究基地

出　　处：《暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期46-57,共12页Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：中国政法大学科研创新引导专项项目“检察机关打击虚假诉讼的程序构造”(21ZFY82003)。

摘　　要：民事检察和解具有定分止争、维护审判权威和协助审判权实现、适度纠错与及时结案的功能。对于完全正确的生效判决和调解书、存在非重大性错误的生效判决及部分符合抗诉条件时的生效判决均可适用于民事检察和解。民事检察和解协议不具有强制执行力,不得损害原生效判决的既判力,当事人不自动履行时也不得作为另诉的依据。欲赋予民事检察和解协议强制执行力,则应将其纳入司法确认程序,通过人民法院以审判权加以确认。As a kind of procuratorial supervision method gradually developed from judicial practice,civil procuratorial reconciliation has always been in dispute due to the unclear nature,unclear scope,and uncertainty of the effectiveness.The legislation has not yet been clarified,and the relevant judicial interpretations have not designed specific rules for it.Therefore,accurately grasping the functional attributes of civil procuratorial reconciliation can guide the smooth implementation of the relevant reconciliation work.In contrast to previous studies,this paper puts forward four-tier viewpoints.First,civil prosecution reconciliation has the function of settling disputes,maintaining judicial authority,assisting the realization of judicial power,moderately correcting errors and timely settling a lawsuit.Secondly,the civil procuratorial reconciliation can be applied to the effective judgment and reconciliation agreement that are completely correct,the effective judgment that has immaterial errors,and the effective judgment that partially meets the conditions of protest.Thirdly,the scope of civil rights and obligations that can be negotiated in the civil procuratorial reconciliation agreement cannot exceed the scope of the effective judgment,and the plaintiff s claim in the first instance determines the object of the civil procuratorial reconciliation.Fourth,the civil procuratorial reconciliation agreement does not have enforceability and shall not damage the res judicata of original effective judgment,and that the parties do not automatically perform shall not be used as the basis for another lawsuit.To give civil procuratorial reconciliation agreements enforceability,they should be incorporated into the judicial confirmation procedure and confirmed by the people s courts through their judicial power.This paper provides theoretical guidance and operational norms for the justification of the civil procuratorial reconciliation system and clarifies the boundaries and position of various works carried out by procuratorial org

关 键 词：民事检察监督 民事检察和解 判决既判力 和解协议司法确认 

分 类 号：D9[政治法律—法学]