2015—2022年陕西省儿童青少年伤害死亡分析  

Characteristics of injury death among children and adolescents,Shaanxi,2015-2022

作　　者：程永兵 王维华[1] 王艳平 邱琳[1] CHENG Yong-bing;WANG Wei-hua;WANG Yan-ping;QIU Lin(Department of the Prevention and Control of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases,Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第16期2943-2947,2959,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划(2021SF-325)。

摘　　要：目的分析陕西省2015—2022年儿童青少年伤害死亡的流行病学特点,为制定预防儿童青少年意外死亡的相关措施提供基础数据。方法分析陕西省2015—2022年儿童青少年伤害死亡的性别、年龄分布、死因顺位等,采用χ^(2)检验比较不同性别、年龄、年度死亡差异,运用Joinpoint回归方法分析儿童青少年死亡率变化趋势,利用平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC)描述死亡率的变化趋势。结果2015—2022年陕西省5~19岁儿童青少年平均死亡率10.86/10万,标化死亡率11.01/10万,占该年龄段儿童青少年死亡数的53.86%;死亡率男性是女性的2.00倍,男女差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=76.77,P<0.001)。8年间,陕西省儿童青少年伤害死亡率无明显趋势变化,AAPC(95%CI)为-4.21%(-11.06%~-2.66%)(P>0.05)。儿童青少年伤害前2位死因分别是道路交通事故和溺水,共占伤害总死亡57.87%。总人群和男性道路交通事故的年均死亡率2015—2019年高于2020—2022年,总人群和女性意外跌落的年均死亡率2015—2019年低于2020—2022年,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。各年龄组伤害死亡率随年龄增加而上升,15~19岁组死亡率高于5~9岁组和10~14岁组(χ^(2)=21.12,P<0.001);道路交通事故和自杀死亡率15~19岁组最高(P均<0.05)。结论2015—2022年陕西省5~19岁儿童青少年伤害的主要死亡原因是道路交通事故和溺水,且男性死亡率均高于女性,需根据不同性别、不同年龄组儿童青少年的特点,采取针对性的预防控制措施,减少儿童青少年各类伤害的发生率和死亡率。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of injuries deaths among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 and provide insight in formulating interventions to prevent accidental deaths among children and adolescents.Methods Analyze the distribution of gender,age groups,and cause of death in injury deaths among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022.χ^(2) test was used to compare the mortality differences between genders,age groups and years.The Joinpoint regression method was used to analyze the trend of child and adolescent mortality.Average Annual Percent Change(AAPC)was used to describe trends.Results The average mortality of children and adolescents aged 5—19 in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 was 10.86/100000,with a standardized mortality of 11.01/100000,which accounted for 53.86%of the total deaths among children and adolescents.The mortality of males is 2.00 times higher than that of females(χ^(2)=76.77,P<0.001).During the past 8 years,there was no change in injuries mortality among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province AAPC(95%CI)-4.21%(-11.06%—-2.66%)(P>0.05).The top two causes of death in injuries among children and adolescents are road injuries and drowning,which accounted for 57.87%of the total deaths among children and adolescents.The average annual death rate of road traffic accidents in the general population and men in 2015—2019 was higher than that in 2020-2022(P<0.05).The average annual death rate from falls in the general population and women was lower in 2015—2019 than in 2020—2022(P<0.05).The mortality of injuries increased with age groups,with the highest in 15—19 age group(χ^(2)=21.12,P<0.001).The road traffic accident and suicide death rates were the highest in the 15—19 age group(P<0.05).Conclusion The main causes of death in injuries among children and adolescents aged 5—19 in Shanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 are road injuries and drowning.The mortality in injuries is higher in male than female.Ta

关 键 词：伤害 死亡率 儿童青少年 Joinpoin回归 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]